When are welfare guarantees robust?

Tim Roughgarden, Inbal Talgam-Cohen, Jan Vondrák

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

Abstract

Computational and economic results suggest that social welfare maximization and combinatorial auction design are much easier when bidders' valuations satisfy the "gross substitutes" condition. The goal of this paper is to evaluate rigorously the folklore belief that the main take-aways from these results remain valid in settings where the gross substitutes condition holds only approximately. We show that for valuations that pointwise approximate a gross substitutes valuation (in fact even a linear valuation), optimal social welfare cannot be approximated to within a subpolynomial factor and demand oracles cannot be simulated using a subexponential number of value queries. We then provide several positive results by imposing additional structure on the valuations (beyond gross substitutes), using a more stringent notion of approximation, and/or using more powerful oracle access to the valuations. For example, we prove that the performance of the greedy algorithm degrades gracefully for near-linear valuations with approximately decreasing marginal values; that with demand queries, approximate welfare guarantees for XOS valuations degrade gracefully for valuations that are pointwise close to XOS; and that the performance of the Kelso-Crawford auction degrades gracefully for valuations that are close to various subclasses of gross substitutes valuations.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationApproximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques - 20th International Workshop, APPROX 2017 and 21st International Workshop, RANDOM 2017
EditorsJose D. P. Rolim, Klaus Jansen, David P. Williamson, Santosh S. Vempala
ISBN (Electronic)9783959770446
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Aug 2017
Externally publishedYes
Event20th International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, APPROX 2017 and the 21st International Workshop on Randomization and Computation, RANDOM 2017 - Berkeley, United States
Duration: 16 Aug 201718 Aug 2017

Publication series

NameLeibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, LIPIcs
Volume81

Conference

Conference20th International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, APPROX 2017 and the 21st International Workshop on Randomization and Computation, RANDOM 2017
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityBerkeley
Period16/08/1718/08/17

Keywords

  • Approximation
  • Gross substitutes
  • Linearity
  • Valuation (set) functions

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Software

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