TY - JOUR
T1 - Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease
T2 - a position statement
AU - Neeland, Ian J.
AU - Ross, Robert
AU - Després, Jean Pierre
AU - Matsuzawa, Yuji
AU - Yamashita, Shizuya
AU - Shai, Iris
AU - Seidell, Jaap
AU - Magni, Paolo
AU - Santos, Raul D.
AU - Arsenault, Benoit
AU - Cuevas, Ada
AU - Hu, Frank B.
AU - Griffin, Bruce
AU - Zambon, Alberto
AU - Barter, Philip
AU - Fruchart, Jean Charles
AU - Eckel, Robert H.
N1 - Funding Information: IJN reports fees for consulting and serving on advisory boards from Boehringer Ingelheim–Lilly Alliance and AMRA Medical and a research grant from Novo Nordisk. FBH reports speaker fees from Metagenics and Standard Process and a research grant from the California Walnut Commission. RDS reports consulting and speaker fees from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biolab, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Regeneron, Akcea, Kowa, and Esperion. SY reports research grants from Kowa Company, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Shionogi and Co, Bayer Yakuhin, MSD KK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co, Astellas Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca KK, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co, the Japanese National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Kyowa Medex, Mochida Pharmaceutical Company, Hayashibara Co, Teijin Pharma, Pfizer, and Kissei; speaker fees from Kowa Company, MSD KK, Bayer Yakuhin, Amgen Astellas BioPharma, Astellas Pharma, Sanofi, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ono Pharmaceutical Company, and Aegerion; and serving on the advisory board of Skylight Biotech. SY has patents issued by Fujirebio (PCT/JP2016/074402, Assisting Method for the Diagnosis of Type III Hyperlipidemia) and Kyowa Medex Co (PCT/JP2017/038715, Method for Measuring Oxidized High-Density Lipoprotein; PCT/JP2017/038766, Method for Selecting Subject Needing Treatment for Dyslipidemia and Reagent for Such Selection). All other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: The consensus meeting that led to the production of this position statement was held with the financial support of the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS). The International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk (ICCR), an independent academic organisation based at Université Laval (Quebec, QC, Canada), was responsible for coordinating the production of the position statement, which reflects the joint position of the IAS–ICCR Working Group on Visceral Obesity. No funding or honoraria were provided by either IAS or the ICCR to the members of the Working Group to produce this position statement. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Findings from epidemiological studies over the past 30 years have shown that visceral adipose tissue, accurately measured by CT or MRI, is an independent risk marker of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence also suggests that ectopic fat deposition, including hepatic and epicardial fat, might contribute to increased atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic risk. This joint position statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society and the International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk Working Group on Visceral Obesity summarises the evidence for visceral adiposity and ectopic fat as emerging risk factors for type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease, with a focus on practical recommendations for health professionals and future directions for research and clinical practice. We discuss the measurement of visceral and ectopic fat, pathophysiology and contribution to adverse health outcomes, response to treatment, and lessons from a public health programme targeting visceral and ectopic fat. We identify knowledge gaps and note the need to develop simple, clinically applicable tools to be able to monitor changes in visceral and ectopic fat over time. Finally, we recognise the need for public health messaging to focus on visceral and ectopic fat in addition to excess bodyweight to better combat the growing epidemic of obesity worldwide.
AB - Findings from epidemiological studies over the past 30 years have shown that visceral adipose tissue, accurately measured by CT or MRI, is an independent risk marker of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence also suggests that ectopic fat deposition, including hepatic and epicardial fat, might contribute to increased atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic risk. This joint position statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society and the International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk Working Group on Visceral Obesity summarises the evidence for visceral adiposity and ectopic fat as emerging risk factors for type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease, with a focus on practical recommendations for health professionals and future directions for research and clinical practice. We discuss the measurement of visceral and ectopic fat, pathophysiology and contribution to adverse health outcomes, response to treatment, and lessons from a public health programme targeting visceral and ectopic fat. We identify knowledge gaps and note the need to develop simple, clinically applicable tools to be able to monitor changes in visceral and ectopic fat over time. Finally, we recognise the need for public health messaging to focus on visceral and ectopic fat in addition to excess bodyweight to better combat the growing epidemic of obesity worldwide.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070929049&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30084-1
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30084-1
M3 - Review article
SN - 2213-8587
VL - 7
SP - 715
EP - 725
JO - The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology
JF - The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology
IS - 9
ER -
