Tissue-like Silicon Nanowires-Based Three-Dimensional Anodes for High-Capacity Lithium Ion Batteries

Emanuel Peled, Fernando Patolsky, Diana Golodnitsky, Kathrin Freedman, Guy Davidi, Dan Schneier

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Here, we report on the scalable synthesis and characterization of novel architecture three-dimensional (3D) high-capacity amorphous silicon nanowires (SiNWs)-based anodes with focus on studying their electrochemical degradation mechanisms. We achieved an unprecedented combination of remarkable performance characteristics, high loadings of 3-15 mAh/cm2, a very low irreversible capacity (10% for the 3-4 mAh/cm2 anodes), current efficiency greater than 99.5%, cycle stability (both in half cells and a LiFePO4 battery), a total capacity of 457 mAh/cm2 over 204 cycles and fast charge-discharge rates (up to 2.7C at 20 mA/cm2). These SiNWs-based binder-free 3D anodes have been cycled for over 200 cycles, exhibiting a stable cycle life. Notably, it was found that the growth of the continuous SEI layer thickness, and its concomitant increase in resistivity, represents the major reason for the observed capacity loss of the SiNWs-based anodes. Importantly, these NWs-based anodes of novel architecture meet the requirements of lithium batteries for future portable, and electric-vehicle, applications. (Figure Presented).

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3907-3916
Number of pages10
JournalNano Letters
Volume15
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 10 Jun 2015

Keywords

  • Silicon
  • anode
  • batteries
  • composite materials
  • energy storage
  • nanowires

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Chemistry
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Bioengineering
  • General Materials Science

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