The Phanerozoic climate

Nir J. Shaviv, Henrik Svensmark, Ján Veizer

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

We review the long-term climate variations during the last 540 million years (Phanerozoic Eon). We begin with a short summary of the relevant geological and geochemical datasets available for the reconstruction of long-term climate variations. We then explore the main drivers of climate that appear to explain a large fraction of these climatic oscillations. The first is the long-term trend in atmospheric CO2 due to geological processes, while the second is the atmospheric ionization due to the changing galactic environment. Other drivers, such as albedo and geographic effects, are of secondary importance. In this review, we pay particular attention to problems that may affect the measurements of temperature obtained from oxygen isotopes, such as the long-term changes in the concentration of δ18O seawater.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)7-19
Number of pages13
JournalAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Volume1519
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2023

Keywords

  • Phanerozoic
  • atmospheric ionization
  • paleoclimate
  • seawater geochemistry

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • General Neuroscience
  • History and Philosophy of Science

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