The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae

M. Freeman; J. H. Kastner; R. Montez; B. Balick; D. J. Frew; D. Jones; B. Miszalski; R. Sahai; E. Blackman; Y. H. Chu; O. De Marco; A. Frank; M. A. Guerrero; J. A. Lopez; A. Zijlstra; V. Bujarrabal; R. L.M. Corradi; J. Nordhaus; Q. A. Parker; C. Sandin; D. Schönberner; Soker Noam; J. L. Sokoloski; M. Steffen; J. A. Toalá; T. Ueta; E. Villaver

doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae

M. Freeman, J. H. Kastner, R. Montez, B. Balick, D. J. Frew, D. Jones, B. Miszalski, R. Sahai, E. Blackman, Y. H. Chu, O. De Marco, A. Frank, M. A. Guerrero, J. A. Lopez, A. Zijlstra, V. Bujarrabal, R. L.M. Corradi, J. Nordhaus, Q. A. Parker, C. SandinD. Schönberner, Soker Noam, J. L. Sokoloski, M. Steffen, J. A. Toalá, T. Ueta, E. Villaver

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present results from the most recent set of observations obtained as part of the Chandra X-ray observatory Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS), the first comprehensive X-ray survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in the solar neighborhood (i.e., within 1.5 kpc of the Sun). The survey is designed to place constraints on the frequency of appearance and range of X-ray spectral characteristics of X-ray-emitting PN central stars and the evolutionary timescales of wind-shock-heated bubbles within PNe. CHANPLANS began with a combined Cycle 12 and archive Chandra survey of 35 PNe. CHANPLANS continued via a Chandra Cycle 14 Large Program which targeted all (24) remaining known compact (R neb ≲ 0.4 pc), young PNe that lie within 1.5 kpc. Results from these Cycle 14 observations include first-time X-ray detections of hot bubbles within NGC 1501, 3918, 6153, and 6369, and point sources in HbDs 1, NGC 6337, and Sp 1. The addition of the Cycle 14 results brings the overall CHANPLANS diffuse X-ray detection rate to 27% and the point source detection rate to 36%. It has become clearer that diffuse X-ray emission is associated with young (≲ 5 × 10³ yr), and likewise compact (R neb ≲ 0.15 pc), PNe with closed structures and high central electron densities (ne ≳ 1000 cm^-3), and is rarely associated with PNe that show H2 emission and/or pronounced butterfly structures. Hb 5 is one such exception of a PN with a butterfly structure that hosts diffuse X-ray emission. Additionally, two of the five new diffuse X-ray detections (NGC 1501 and NGC 6369) host [WR]-type central stars, supporting the hypothesis that PNe with central stars of [WR]-type are likely to display diffuse X-ray emission.

Original language	English
Article number	99
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	794
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99
State	Published - 20 Oct 2014
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

binaries: general
planetary nebulae: individual (NGC 1501, NGC 3918, NGC 6153, NGC 6369, HbDs 1, NGC 6337, Sp 1)
stars: AGB and post-AGB

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

Cite this

Freeman, M., Kastner, J. H., Montez, R., Balick, B., Frew, D. J., Jones, D., Miszalski, B., Sahai, R., Blackman, E., Chu, Y. H., De Marco, O., Frank, A., Guerrero, M. A., Lopez, J. A., Zijlstra, A., Bujarrabal, V., Corradi, R. L. M., Nordhaus, J., Parker, Q. A., ... Villaver, E. (2014). The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae. Astrophysical Journal, 794(2), Article 99. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

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title = "The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae",

abstract = "We present results from the most recent set of observations obtained as part of the Chandra X-ray observatory Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS), the first comprehensive X-ray survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in the solar neighborhood (i.e., within 1.5 kpc of the Sun). The survey is designed to place constraints on the frequency of appearance and range of X-ray spectral characteristics of X-ray-emitting PN central stars and the evolutionary timescales of wind-shock-heated bubbles within PNe. CHANPLANS began with a combined Cycle 12 and archive Chandra survey of 35 PNe. CHANPLANS continued via a Chandra Cycle 14 Large Program which targeted all (24) remaining known compact (R neb ≲ 0.4 pc), young PNe that lie within 1.5 kpc. Results from these Cycle 14 observations include first-time X-ray detections of hot bubbles within NGC 1501, 3918, 6153, and 6369, and point sources in HbDs 1, NGC 6337, and Sp 1. The addition of the Cycle 14 results brings the overall CHANPLANS diffuse X-ray detection rate to 27% and the point source detection rate to 36%. It has become clearer that diffuse X-ray emission is associated with young (≲ 5 × 103 yr), and likewise compact (R neb ≲ 0.15 pc), PNe with closed structures and high central electron densities (ne ≳ 1000 cm-3), and is rarely associated with PNe that show H2 emission and/or pronounced butterfly structures. Hb 5 is one such exception of a PN with a butterfly structure that hosts diffuse X-ray emission. Additionally, two of the five new diffuse X-ray detections (NGC 1501 and NGC 6369) host [WR]-type central stars, supporting the hypothesis that PNe with central stars of [WR]-type are likely to display diffuse X-ray emission.",

keywords = "binaries: general, planetary nebulae: individual (NGC 1501, NGC 3918, NGC 6153, NGC 6369, HbDs 1, NGC 6337, Sp 1), stars: AGB and post-AGB",

author = "M. Freeman and Kastner, {J. H.} and R. Montez and B. Balick and Frew, {D. J.} and D. Jones and B. Miszalski and R. Sahai and E. Blackman and Chu, {Y. H.} and {De Marco}, O. and A. Frank and Guerrero, {M. A.} and Lopez, {J. A.} and A. Zijlstra and V. Bujarrabal and Corradi, {R. L.M.} and J. Nordhaus and Parker, {Q. A.} and C. Sandin and D. Sch{\"o}nberner and Soker Noam and Sokoloski, {J. L.} and M. Steffen and Toal{\'a}, {J. A.} and T. Ueta and E. Villaver",

year = "2014",

month = oct,

day = "20",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99",

language = "الإنجليزيّة",

volume = "794",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Freeman, M, Kastner, JH, Montez, R, Balick, B, Frew, DJ, Jones, D, Miszalski, B, Sahai, R, Blackman, E, Chu, YH, De Marco, O, Frank, A, Guerrero, MA, Lopez, JA, Zijlstra, A, Bujarrabal, V, Corradi, RLM, Nordhaus, J, Parker, QA, Sandin, C, Schönberner, D, Noam, S, Sokoloski, JL, Steffen, M, Toalá, JA, Ueta, T & Villaver, E 2014, 'The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 794, no. 2, 99. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae

AU - Freeman, M.

AU - Kastner, J. H.

AU - Montez, R.

AU - Balick, B.

AU - Frew, D. J.

AU - Jones, D.

AU - Miszalski, B.

AU - Sahai, R.

AU - Blackman, E.

AU - Chu, Y. H.

AU - De Marco, O.

AU - Frank, A.

AU - Guerrero, M. A.

AU - Lopez, J. A.

AU - Zijlstra, A.

AU - Bujarrabal, V.

AU - Corradi, R. L.M.

AU - Nordhaus, J.

AU - Parker, Q. A.

AU - Sandin, C.

AU - Schönberner, D.

AU - Noam, Soker

AU - Sokoloski, J. L.

AU - Steffen, M.

AU - Toalá, J. A.

AU - Ueta, T.

AU - Villaver, E.

PY - 2014/10/20

Y1 - 2014/10/20

N2 - We present results from the most recent set of observations obtained as part of the Chandra X-ray observatory Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS), the first comprehensive X-ray survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in the solar neighborhood (i.e., within 1.5 kpc of the Sun). The survey is designed to place constraints on the frequency of appearance and range of X-ray spectral characteristics of X-ray-emitting PN central stars and the evolutionary timescales of wind-shock-heated bubbles within PNe. CHANPLANS began with a combined Cycle 12 and archive Chandra survey of 35 PNe. CHANPLANS continued via a Chandra Cycle 14 Large Program which targeted all (24) remaining known compact (R neb ≲ 0.4 pc), young PNe that lie within 1.5 kpc. Results from these Cycle 14 observations include first-time X-ray detections of hot bubbles within NGC 1501, 3918, 6153, and 6369, and point sources in HbDs 1, NGC 6337, and Sp 1. The addition of the Cycle 14 results brings the overall CHANPLANS diffuse X-ray detection rate to 27% and the point source detection rate to 36%. It has become clearer that diffuse X-ray emission is associated with young (≲ 5 × 103 yr), and likewise compact (R neb ≲ 0.15 pc), PNe with closed structures and high central electron densities (ne ≳ 1000 cm-3), and is rarely associated with PNe that show H2 emission and/or pronounced butterfly structures. Hb 5 is one such exception of a PN with a butterfly structure that hosts diffuse X-ray emission. Additionally, two of the five new diffuse X-ray detections (NGC 1501 and NGC 6369) host [WR]-type central stars, supporting the hypothesis that PNe with central stars of [WR]-type are likely to display diffuse X-ray emission.

AB - We present results from the most recent set of observations obtained as part of the Chandra X-ray observatory Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS), the first comprehensive X-ray survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in the solar neighborhood (i.e., within 1.5 kpc of the Sun). The survey is designed to place constraints on the frequency of appearance and range of X-ray spectral characteristics of X-ray-emitting PN central stars and the evolutionary timescales of wind-shock-heated bubbles within PNe. CHANPLANS began with a combined Cycle 12 and archive Chandra survey of 35 PNe. CHANPLANS continued via a Chandra Cycle 14 Large Program which targeted all (24) remaining known compact (R neb ≲ 0.4 pc), young PNe that lie within 1.5 kpc. Results from these Cycle 14 observations include first-time X-ray detections of hot bubbles within NGC 1501, 3918, 6153, and 6369, and point sources in HbDs 1, NGC 6337, and Sp 1. The addition of the Cycle 14 results brings the overall CHANPLANS diffuse X-ray detection rate to 27% and the point source detection rate to 36%. It has become clearer that diffuse X-ray emission is associated with young (≲ 5 × 103 yr), and likewise compact (R neb ≲ 0.15 pc), PNe with closed structures and high central electron densities (ne ≳ 1000 cm-3), and is rarely associated with PNe that show H2 emission and/or pronounced butterfly structures. Hb 5 is one such exception of a PN with a butterfly structure that hosts diffuse X-ray emission. Additionally, two of the five new diffuse X-ray detections (NGC 1501 and NGC 6369) host [WR]-type central stars, supporting the hypothesis that PNe with central stars of [WR]-type are likely to display diffuse X-ray emission.

KW - binaries: general

KW - planetary nebulae: individual (NGC 1501, NGC 3918, NGC 6153, NGC 6369, HbDs 1, NGC 6337, Sp 1)

KW - stars: AGB and post-AGB

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84907705547&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/99

M3 - مقالة

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 794

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 99

ER -

The Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae

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Keywords

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