TY - JOUR
T1 - Temporally-structured acquisition of multidimensional optical imaging data facilitates visualization of elusive cortical representations in the behaving monkey
AU - Omer, David B.
AU - Hildesheim, Rina
AU - Grinvald, Amiram
N1 - Funding Information: We wish to thank Barak Blumenfeld and Misha Tsodyks for their valuable contributions to an earlier version of the manuscript, Li-Raz Rom and Chen Ben-Yaakov for technical assistance with the demanding experiments, and AG and DBO for writing the manuscript. AG was supported by the EC ( FP6-2004-IST-FETPI-015803 , DAISY) and by grants from the Israeli Science Foundation , the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the Grodetsky Center for Research of Higher Brain Functions , and the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
PY - 2013/11/5
Y1 - 2013/11/5
N2 - Fundamental understanding of higher cognitive functions can greatly benefit from imaging of cortical activity with high spatiotemporal resolution in the behaving non-human primate. To achieve rapid imaging of high-resolution dynamics of cortical representations of spontaneous and evoked activity, we designed a novel data acquisition protocol for sensory stimulation by rapidly interleaving multiple stimuli in continuous sessions of optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes. We also tested a new algorithm for the "temporally structured component analysis" (TSCA) of a multidimensional time series that was developed for our new data acquisition protocol, but was tested only on simulated data (Blumenfeld, 2010). In addition to the raw data, the algorithm incorporates prior knowledge about the temporal structure of the data as well as input from other information. Here we showed that TSCA can successfully separate functional signal components from other signals referred to as noise. Imaging of responses to multiple visual stimuli, utilizing voltage-sensitive dyes, was performed on the visual cortex of awake monkeys. Multiple cortical representations, including orientation and ocular dominance maps as well as the hitherto elusive retinotopic representation of orientation stimuli, were extracted in only 10. s of imaging, approximately two orders of magnitude faster than accomplished by conventional methods. Since the approach is rather general, other imaging techniques may also benefit from the same stimulation protocol. This methodology can thus facilitate rapid optical imaging explorations in monkeys, rodents and other species with a versatility and speed that were not feasible before.
AB - Fundamental understanding of higher cognitive functions can greatly benefit from imaging of cortical activity with high spatiotemporal resolution in the behaving non-human primate. To achieve rapid imaging of high-resolution dynamics of cortical representations of spontaneous and evoked activity, we designed a novel data acquisition protocol for sensory stimulation by rapidly interleaving multiple stimuli in continuous sessions of optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes. We also tested a new algorithm for the "temporally structured component analysis" (TSCA) of a multidimensional time series that was developed for our new data acquisition protocol, but was tested only on simulated data (Blumenfeld, 2010). In addition to the raw data, the algorithm incorporates prior knowledge about the temporal structure of the data as well as input from other information. Here we showed that TSCA can successfully separate functional signal components from other signals referred to as noise. Imaging of responses to multiple visual stimuli, utilizing voltage-sensitive dyes, was performed on the visual cortex of awake monkeys. Multiple cortical representations, including orientation and ocular dominance maps as well as the hitherto elusive retinotopic representation of orientation stimuli, were extracted in only 10. s of imaging, approximately two orders of magnitude faster than accomplished by conventional methods. Since the approach is rather general, other imaging techniques may also benefit from the same stimulation protocol. This methodology can thus facilitate rapid optical imaging explorations in monkeys, rodents and other species with a versatility and speed that were not feasible before.
KW - Behaving monkey
KW - Cortical dynamics
KW - Independent-component analysis
KW - Principle-component analysis
KW - Temporally structured component analysis
KW - Voltage sensitive dyes
KW - Voltage-sensitive dye imaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84879699554&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.045
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.045
M3 - Article
C2 - 23689017
SN - 1053-8119
VL - 82
SP - 237
EP - 251
JO - NeuroImage
JF - NeuroImage
ER -