TY - JOUR
T1 - Successful floral-dipping transformation of post-anthesis lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) flowers
AU - Fang, Fang
AU - Oliva, Moran
AU - Ehi-Eromosele, Sonia
AU - Zaccai, Michele
AU - Arazi, Tzahi
AU - Oren-Shamir, Michal
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2018/11/1
Y1 - 2018/11/1
N2 - The adaptation of the Agrobacterium-mediated floral-dipping technique is limited, to date, to a small number of plants. In this paper, we present the efficient transformation of one of the leading plants in the cut flower industry, lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum). This method is approximately 18 months shorter than the known tissue culture-based transformation. The Excalibur Pink cultivar and two additional breeding lines, X-1042 and X-2541, were transformed using three different marker genes (benzyl alcohol acetyltransferase (BEAT) originating from Clarkia breweri, the feedback-insensitive bacterial gene AroG*, and the empty pART27 vector expressing a kanamycin-resistance cassette (nptII)). Genomic transformation was successful in all tested cases with transformation efficiency ranked from 0.2 to 2.9%, which is well in the range of results from Arabidopsis studies. Unlike Arabidopsis, in which floral-dipping transformation was efficient only at a pre-anthesis stage before ovary sealing, lisianthus flowers were transformed when dipping occurred 4 days pre-anthesis or 3−5 days post-anthesis with 1.5 and 3.7% efficiencies, respectively. Post-anthesis transformation occurred when the flower ovaries were sealed. Flower dipping of Excalibur Pink flowers with fluorescent Agrobacterium containing a GFP marker gene demonstrated Agrobacterium entrance into the sealed flower ovary through the open stigma and style tube. In this study, we demonstrated floral-dipping transformation of a commercial plant, lisianthus Excalibur Pink, occurring after sealing of the ovaries, probably via the stigma and wide open style tunnel.
AB - The adaptation of the Agrobacterium-mediated floral-dipping technique is limited, to date, to a small number of plants. In this paper, we present the efficient transformation of one of the leading plants in the cut flower industry, lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum). This method is approximately 18 months shorter than the known tissue culture-based transformation. The Excalibur Pink cultivar and two additional breeding lines, X-1042 and X-2541, were transformed using three different marker genes (benzyl alcohol acetyltransferase (BEAT) originating from Clarkia breweri, the feedback-insensitive bacterial gene AroG*, and the empty pART27 vector expressing a kanamycin-resistance cassette (nptII)). Genomic transformation was successful in all tested cases with transformation efficiency ranked from 0.2 to 2.9%, which is well in the range of results from Arabidopsis studies. Unlike Arabidopsis, in which floral-dipping transformation was efficient only at a pre-anthesis stage before ovary sealing, lisianthus flowers were transformed when dipping occurred 4 days pre-anthesis or 3−5 days post-anthesis with 1.5 and 3.7% efficiencies, respectively. Post-anthesis transformation occurred when the flower ovaries were sealed. Flower dipping of Excalibur Pink flowers with fluorescent Agrobacterium containing a GFP marker gene demonstrated Agrobacterium entrance into the sealed flower ovary through the open stigma and style tube. In this study, we demonstrated floral-dipping transformation of a commercial plant, lisianthus Excalibur Pink, occurring after sealing of the ovaries, probably via the stigma and wide open style tunnel.
KW - Eustoma grandiflorum
KW - Excalibur Pink
KW - floral-dipping transformation
KW - flower ovary
KW - lisianthus
KW - transformation efficiency
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054523752&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14076
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14076
M3 - Article
C2 - 30156348
SN - 0960-7412
VL - 96
SP - 869
EP - 879
JO - Plant Journal
JF - Plant Journal
IS - 4
ER -