TY - JOUR
T1 - Status Symmetry Effect
T2 - The Association of Exposure and PTS in Israel-Palestine and Northern Ireland
AU - Hirsch-Hoefler, Sivan
AU - Vashdi, Dana R.
AU - Lowe, Robert D.
AU - Muldoon, Orla
AU - Hobfoll, Stevan E.
AU - Canetti, Daphna
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health [R01 MH073687]; Israel Science Foundation [487/08]; United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation [2009460]; Data collection in Northern Ireland was funded by a grant from the EU Special Support Programme for Peace and Reconciliation. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - A multi-national sample was used to investigate mechanisms that were hypothesized to moderate the relationship between exposure to political violence and symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTS). We hypothesized that a) the phase of the conflict and b) the status asymmetry of the conflicting parties would moderate the relationship between exposure and PTS symptoms. We used original data from four groups: Israelis and Palestinians (n = 2,572), and Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland (n = 343). Looking at these two conflicts, we found that the positive relationship between exposure to violence and posttraumatic stress symptoms ceases to exist in a post-conflict setting (F(1, 2053) = 4.95, p < .05, η2 = 0.002). Interestingly, we found that PTS symptoms were highest among minority group members in an ongoing conflict irrespective of exposure to political violence (F(1, 2053) = 120.74, p < .001,η2 = 0.06). We provide explanations for these findings and discuss their psychological implications for victimized groups and the wider geopolitics of intergroup conflict.
AB - A multi-national sample was used to investigate mechanisms that were hypothesized to moderate the relationship between exposure to political violence and symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTS). We hypothesized that a) the phase of the conflict and b) the status asymmetry of the conflicting parties would moderate the relationship between exposure and PTS symptoms. We used original data from four groups: Israelis and Palestinians (n = 2,572), and Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland (n = 343). Looking at these two conflicts, we found that the positive relationship between exposure to violence and posttraumatic stress symptoms ceases to exist in a post-conflict setting (F(1, 2053) = 4.95, p < .05, η2 = 0.002). Interestingly, we found that PTS symptoms were highest among minority group members in an ongoing conflict irrespective of exposure to political violence (F(1, 2053) = 120.74, p < .001,η2 = 0.06). We provide explanations for these findings and discuss their psychological implications for victimized groups and the wider geopolitics of intergroup conflict.
KW - Israel
KW - Northern Ireland
KW - Palestine
KW - exposure to political violence
KW - posttraumatic stress symptoms
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071922140&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2019.1590342
DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2019.1590342
M3 - Article
SN - 0954-6553
VL - 33
SP - 788
EP - 805
JO - Terrorism and Political Violence
JF - Terrorism and Political Violence
IS - 4
ER -
