Spatial adaptation of eosinophils and their emerging roles in homeostasis, infection and disease

Isabelle C. Arnold, Ariel Munitz

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived granulocytes that are traditionally associated with type 2 immune responses, such as those that occur during parasite infections and allergy. Emerging evidence demonstrates the remarkable functional plasticity of this elusive cell type and its pleiotropic functions in diverse settings. Eosinophils broadly contribute to tissue homeostasis, host defence and immune regulation, predominantly at mucosal sites. The scope of their activities primarily reflects the breadth of their portfolio of secreted mediators, which range from cytotoxic cationic proteins and reactive oxygen species to multiple cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators. Here, we comprehensively review basic eosinophil biology that is directly related to their activities in homeostasis, protective immunity, regeneration and cancer. We examine how dysregulation of these functions contributes to the physiopathology of a broad range of inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss recent findings regarding the tissue compartmentalization and adaptation of eosinophils, shedding light on the factors that likely drive their functional diversification within tissues.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)858-877
Number of pages20
JournalNature Reviews Immunology
Volume24
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology

Cite this