SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient

S. Karthik Yadavalli; V. Ashley Villar; Luca Izzo; Yossef Zenati; Ryan J. Foley; J. Craig Wheeler; Charlotte R. Angus; Dominik Banhidi; Katie Auchettl; Barna Imre Biro; Attila Bodi; Zsofia Bodola; Thomas de Boer; Kenneth C. Chambers; Ryan Chornock; David A. Coulter; Istvan Csanyi; Borbala Cseh; Srujan Dandu; Kyle W. Davis; Connor Braden Dickinson; Diego Farias; Joseph Farah; Christa Gall; Hua Gao; D. Andrew Howell; Wynn V. Jacobson-Galan; Nandita Khetan; Charles D. Kilpatrick; Reka Konyves-Toth; Levente Kriskovics; Natalie LeBaron; Kayla Loertscher; X. K. Le Saux; Raffaella Margutti; Eugene A. Magnier; Curtis McCully; Peter McGill; Hao Yu Miao; Megan Newsome; Estefania Padilla Gonzalez; Andras Pal; Boroka H. Pal; Yen Chen Pan; Collin A. Politsch; Conor L. Ransome; Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz; Armin Rest; Sofia Rest; Olivia Robinson; Huei Sears; Jackson Scheer; Ádam Sodor; Jonathan Swift; Peter Szekely; Robert Szakats; Tamas Szalai; Kirsty Taggart; Giacomo Terreran; Padma Venkatraman; Jozsef Vinko; Grace Yang; Henry Zhou

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient

S. Karthik Yadavalli, V. Ashley Villar, Luca Izzo, Yossef Zenati, Ryan J. Foley, J. Craig Wheeler, Charlotte R. Angus, Dominik Banhidi, Katie Auchettl, Barna Imre Biro, Attila Bodi, Zsofia Bodola, Thomas de Boer, Kenneth C. Chambers, Ryan Chornock, David A. Coulter, Istvan Csanyi, Borbala Cseh, Srujan Dandu, Kyle W. DavisConnor Braden Dickinson, Diego Farias, Joseph Farah, Christa Gall, Hua Gao, D. Andrew Howell, Wynn V. Jacobson-Galan, Nandita Khetan, Charles D. Kilpatrick, Reka Konyves-Toth, Levente Kriskovics, Natalie LeBaron, Kayla Loertscher, X. K. Le Saux, Raffaella Margutti, Eugene A. Magnier, Curtis McCully, Peter McGill, Hao Yu Miao, Megan Newsome, Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, Andras Pal, Boroka H. Pal, Yen Chen Pan, Collin A. Politsch, Conor L. Ransome, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Armin Rest, Sofia Rest, Olivia Robinson, Huei Sears, Jackson Scheer, Ádam Sodor, Jonathan Swift, Peter Szekely, Robert Szakats, Tamas Szalai, Kirsty Taggart, Giacomo Terreran, Padma Venkatraman, Jozsef Vinko, Grace Yang, Henry Zhou

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Abstract

We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2022oqm, a nearby multipeaked hydrogen- and helium-weak calcium-rich transient (CaRT). SN 2022oqm was detected 13.1 kpc from its host galaxy, the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 5875. Extensive spectroscopic coverage reveals an early hot (T ≥ 40,000 K) continuum and carbon features observed ∼1 day after discovery, SN Ic-like photospheric-phase spectra, and strong forbidden calcium emission starting 38 days after discovery. SN 2022oqm has a relatively high peak luminosity (M _B = −17 mag) for CaRTs, making it an outlier in the population. We determine that three power sources are necessary to explain the light curve (LC), with each corresponding to a distinct peak. The first peak is powered by an expanding blackbody with a power-law luminosity, suggesting shock cooling by circumstellar material (CSM). Subsequent LC evolution is powered by a double radioactive decay model, consistent with two sources of photons diffusing through optically thick ejecta. From the LC, we derive an ejecta mass and ⁵⁶Ni mass of ∼0.6 M _⊙ and ∼0.09 M _⊙. Spectroscopic modeling ∼0.6 M _⊙ of ejecta, and with well-mixed Fe-peak elements throughout. We discuss several physical origins for SN 2022oqm and find either a surprisingly massive white dwarf progenitor or a peculiar stripped envelope model could explain SN 2022oqm. A stripped envelope explosion inside a dense, hydrogen- and helium-poor CSM, akin to SNe Icn, but with a large 56Ni mass and small CSM mass could explain SN 2022oqm. Alternatively, helium detonation on an unexpectedly massive white dwarf could also explain SN 2022oqm.

Original language	English
Article number	194
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	972
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c
State	Published - 1 Sep 2024
Externally published	Yes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

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Yadavalli, S. K., Villar, V. A., Izzo, L., Zenati, Y., Foley, R. J., Wheeler, J. C., Angus, C. R., Banhidi, D., Auchettl, K., Biro, B. I., Bodi, A., Bodola, Z., de Boer, T., Chambers, K. C., Chornock, R., Coulter, D. A., Csanyi, I., Cseh, B., Dandu, S., ... Zhou, H. (2024). SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient. Astrophysical Journal, 972(2), Article 194. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

@article{23a1f097009a4c7a914da84055ee5daa,

title = "SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient",

abstract = "We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2022oqm, a nearby multipeaked hydrogen- and helium-weak calcium-rich transient (CaRT). SN 2022oqm was detected 13.1 kpc from its host galaxy, the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 5875. Extensive spectroscopic coverage reveals an early hot (T ≥ 40,000 K) continuum and carbon features observed ∼1 day after discovery, SN Ic-like photospheric-phase spectra, and strong forbidden calcium emission starting 38 days after discovery. SN 2022oqm has a relatively high peak luminosity (M B = −17 mag) for CaRTs, making it an outlier in the population. We determine that three power sources are necessary to explain the light curve (LC), with each corresponding to a distinct peak. The first peak is powered by an expanding blackbody with a power-law luminosity, suggesting shock cooling by circumstellar material (CSM). Subsequent LC evolution is powered by a double radioactive decay model, consistent with two sources of photons diffusing through optically thick ejecta. From the LC, we derive an ejecta mass and 56Ni mass of ∼0.6 M ⊙ and ∼0.09 M ⊙. Spectroscopic modeling ∼0.6 M ⊙ of ejecta, and with well-mixed Fe-peak elements throughout. We discuss several physical origins for SN 2022oqm and find either a surprisingly massive white dwarf progenitor or a peculiar stripped envelope model could explain SN 2022oqm. A stripped envelope explosion inside a dense, hydrogen- and helium-poor CSM, akin to SNe Icn, but with a large 56Ni mass and small CSM mass could explain SN 2022oqm. Alternatively, helium detonation on an unexpectedly massive white dwarf could also explain SN 2022oqm.",

author = "Yadavalli, {S. Karthik} and Villar, {V. Ashley} and Luca Izzo and Yossef Zenati and Foley, {Ryan J.} and Wheeler, {J. Craig} and Angus, {Charlotte R.} and Dominik Banhidi and Katie Auchettl and Biro, {Barna Imre} and Attila Bodi and Zsofia Bodola and {de Boer}, Thomas and Chambers, {Kenneth C.} and Ryan Chornock and Coulter, {David A.} and Istvan Csanyi and Borbala Cseh and Srujan Dandu and Davis, {Kyle W.} and Dickinson, {Connor Braden} and Diego Farias and Joseph Farah and Christa Gall and Hua Gao and Howell, {D. Andrew} and Jacobson-Galan, {Wynn V.} and Nandita Khetan and Kilpatrick, {Charles D.} and Reka Konyves-Toth and Levente Kriskovics and Natalie LeBaron and Kayla Loertscher and {Le Saux}, {X. K.} and Raffaella Margutti and Magnier, {Eugene A.} and Curtis McCully and Peter McGill and Miao, {Hao Yu} and Megan Newsome and {Padilla Gonzalez}, Estefania and Andras Pal and Pal, {Boroka H.} and Pan, {Yen Chen} and Politsch, {Collin A.} and Ransome, {Conor L.} and Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz and Armin Rest and Sofia Rest and Olivia Robinson and Huei Sears and Jackson Scheer and {\'A}dam Sodor and Jonathan Swift and Peter Szekely and Robert Szakats and Tamas Szalai and Kirsty Taggart and Giacomo Terreran and Padma Venkatraman and Jozsef Vinko and Grace Yang and Henry Zhou",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c",

language = "الإنجليزيّة",

volume = "972",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Yadavalli, SK, Villar, VA, Izzo, L, Zenati, Y, Foley, RJ, Wheeler, JC, Angus, CR, Banhidi, D, Auchettl, K, Biro, BI, Bodi, A, Bodola, Z, de Boer, T, Chambers, KC, Chornock, R, Coulter, DA, Csanyi, I, Cseh, B, Dandu, S, Davis, KW, Dickinson, CB, Farias, D, Farah, J, Gall, C, Gao, H, Howell, DA, Jacobson-Galan, WV, Khetan, N, Kilpatrick, CD, Konyves-Toth, R, Kriskovics, L, LeBaron, N, Loertscher, K, Le Saux, XK, Margutti, R, Magnier, EA, McCully, C, McGill, P, Miao, HY, Newsome, M, Padilla Gonzalez, E, Pal, A, Pal, BH, Pan, YC, Politsch, CA, Ransome, CL, Ramirez-Ruiz, E, Rest, A, Rest, S, Robinson, O, Sears, H, Scheer, J, Sodor, Á, Swift, J, Szekely, P, Szakats, R, Szalai, T, Taggart, K, Terreran, G, Venkatraman, P, Vinko, J, Yang, G & Zhou, H 2024, 'SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 972, no. 2, 194. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

TY - JOUR

T1 - SN 2022oqm

T2 - A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient

AU - Yadavalli, S. Karthik

AU - Villar, V. Ashley

AU - Izzo, Luca

AU - Zenati, Yossef

AU - Foley, Ryan J.

AU - Wheeler, J. Craig

AU - Angus, Charlotte R.

AU - Banhidi, Dominik

AU - Auchettl, Katie

AU - Biro, Barna Imre

AU - Bodi, Attila

AU - Bodola, Zsofia

AU - de Boer, Thomas

AU - Chambers, Kenneth C.

AU - Chornock, Ryan

AU - Coulter, David A.

AU - Csanyi, Istvan

AU - Cseh, Borbala

AU - Dandu, Srujan

AU - Davis, Kyle W.

AU - Dickinson, Connor Braden

AU - Farias, Diego

AU - Farah, Joseph

AU - Gall, Christa

AU - Gao, Hua

AU - Howell, D. Andrew

AU - Jacobson-Galan, Wynn V.

AU - Khetan, Nandita

AU - Kilpatrick, Charles D.

AU - Konyves-Toth, Reka

AU - Kriskovics, Levente

AU - LeBaron, Natalie

AU - Loertscher, Kayla

AU - Le Saux, X. K.

AU - Margutti, Raffaella

AU - Magnier, Eugene A.

AU - McCully, Curtis

AU - McGill, Peter

AU - Miao, Hao Yu

AU - Newsome, Megan

AU - Padilla Gonzalez, Estefania

AU - Pal, Andras

AU - Pal, Boroka H.

AU - Pan, Yen Chen

AU - Politsch, Collin A.

AU - Ransome, Conor L.

AU - Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico

AU - Rest, Armin

AU - Rest, Sofia

AU - Robinson, Olivia

AU - Sears, Huei

AU - Scheer, Jackson

AU - Sodor, Ádam

AU - Swift, Jonathan

AU - Szekely, Peter

AU - Szakats, Robert

AU - Szalai, Tamas

AU - Taggart, Kirsty

AU - Terreran, Giacomo

AU - Venkatraman, Padma

AU - Vinko, Jozsef

AU - Yang, Grace

AU - Zhou, Henry

PY - 2024/9/1

Y1 - 2024/9/1

N2 - We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2022oqm, a nearby multipeaked hydrogen- and helium-weak calcium-rich transient (CaRT). SN 2022oqm was detected 13.1 kpc from its host galaxy, the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 5875. Extensive spectroscopic coverage reveals an early hot (T ≥ 40,000 K) continuum and carbon features observed ∼1 day after discovery, SN Ic-like photospheric-phase spectra, and strong forbidden calcium emission starting 38 days after discovery. SN 2022oqm has a relatively high peak luminosity (M B = −17 mag) for CaRTs, making it an outlier in the population. We determine that three power sources are necessary to explain the light curve (LC), with each corresponding to a distinct peak. The first peak is powered by an expanding blackbody with a power-law luminosity, suggesting shock cooling by circumstellar material (CSM). Subsequent LC evolution is powered by a double radioactive decay model, consistent with two sources of photons diffusing through optically thick ejecta. From the LC, we derive an ejecta mass and 56Ni mass of ∼0.6 M ⊙ and ∼0.09 M ⊙. Spectroscopic modeling ∼0.6 M ⊙ of ejecta, and with well-mixed Fe-peak elements throughout. We discuss several physical origins for SN 2022oqm and find either a surprisingly massive white dwarf progenitor or a peculiar stripped envelope model could explain SN 2022oqm. A stripped envelope explosion inside a dense, hydrogen- and helium-poor CSM, akin to SNe Icn, but with a large 56Ni mass and small CSM mass could explain SN 2022oqm. Alternatively, helium detonation on an unexpectedly massive white dwarf could also explain SN 2022oqm.

AB - We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2022oqm, a nearby multipeaked hydrogen- and helium-weak calcium-rich transient (CaRT). SN 2022oqm was detected 13.1 kpc from its host galaxy, the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 5875. Extensive spectroscopic coverage reveals an early hot (T ≥ 40,000 K) continuum and carbon features observed ∼1 day after discovery, SN Ic-like photospheric-phase spectra, and strong forbidden calcium emission starting 38 days after discovery. SN 2022oqm has a relatively high peak luminosity (M B = −17 mag) for CaRTs, making it an outlier in the population. We determine that three power sources are necessary to explain the light curve (LC), with each corresponding to a distinct peak. The first peak is powered by an expanding blackbody with a power-law luminosity, suggesting shock cooling by circumstellar material (CSM). Subsequent LC evolution is powered by a double radioactive decay model, consistent with two sources of photons diffusing through optically thick ejecta. From the LC, we derive an ejecta mass and 56Ni mass of ∼0.6 M ⊙ and ∼0.09 M ⊙. Spectroscopic modeling ∼0.6 M ⊙ of ejecta, and with well-mixed Fe-peak elements throughout. We discuss several physical origins for SN 2022oqm and find either a surprisingly massive white dwarf progenitor or a peculiar stripped envelope model could explain SN 2022oqm. A stripped envelope explosion inside a dense, hydrogen- and helium-poor CSM, akin to SNe Icn, but with a large 56Ni mass and small CSM mass could explain SN 2022oqm. Alternatively, helium detonation on an unexpectedly massive white dwarf could also explain SN 2022oqm.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85204124235&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c

M3 - مقالة

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 972

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 194

ER -

SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient

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