Size and temperature transferability of direct and local deep neural networks for atomic forces

A direct and local deep learning (DL) model for atomic forces is presented. We demonstrate the model performance in bulk aluminum, sodium, and silicon and show that its errors are comparable to those found in state-of-the-art machine learning and DL models. We then analyze the model's performance as a function of the number of neighbors included and show that one can ascertain physical attributes of the system from the analysis of the deep learning model's behavior. Finally, we test the size scaling performance of the model and the transferability between different temperatures and show that our model performs well in both scaling to larger systems and high- to low-temperature predictability.