Abstract
The diversity of organisms is affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. One of the most important forces that affect the diversity of a community is the relationship between this community and communities of higher and/or lower trophic levels. Indeed, a strong link between the diversity of consumers and that of resources is a general characteristic of natural food webs (Polis & Strong, 1996). Top-down effects occur when the diversity of communities at a higher trophic level influences the diversity of communities at lower trophic levels (e.g. Jakobsen et al., 2004), while bottom-up effects occur when the diversity at lower trophic levels controls the diversity at higher levels (e.g. Siemann, 1998; Brandle et al., 2001; Haddad et al., 2009). Moreover, top-down and bottom-up forces can act on communities simultaneously (Hunter & Price, 1992).
Original language | American English |
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Title of host publication | Parasite Diversity and Diversification |
Subtitle of host publication | Evolutionary Ecology Meets Phylogenetics |
Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
Pages | 27-38 |
Number of pages | 12 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781139794749 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781107037656 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Jan 2015 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences