TY - JOUR
T1 - Rapid mechanisms for generating genome diversity
T2 - Whole ploidy shifts, aneuploidy, and loss of heterozygosity
AU - Bennett, Richard J.
AU - Forche, Anja
AU - Berman, Judith
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2014 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; All rights reserved.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Human fungal pathogens can exist in a variety of ploidy states, including euploid and aneuploid forms. Ploidy change has a major impact on phenotypic properties, including the regulation of interactions with the human host. In addition, the rapid emergence of drug-resistant isolates is often associated with the formation of specific supernumerary chromosomes. Pathogens such as Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans appear particularly well adapted for propagation in multiple ploidy states with novel pathways driving ploidy variation. In both species, heterozygous cells also readily undergo loss of heterozygosity (LOH), leading to additional phenotypic changes such as altered drug resistance. Here, we examine the sexual and parasexual cycles that drive ploidy variation in human fungal pathogens and discuss ploidy and LOH events with respect to their far-reaching roles in fungal adaptation and pathogenesis.
AB - Human fungal pathogens can exist in a variety of ploidy states, including euploid and aneuploid forms. Ploidy change has a major impact on phenotypic properties, including the regulation of interactions with the human host. In addition, the rapid emergence of drug-resistant isolates is often associated with the formation of specific supernumerary chromosomes. Pathogens such as Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans appear particularly well adapted for propagation in multiple ploidy states with novel pathways driving ploidy variation. In both species, heterozygous cells also readily undergo loss of heterozygosity (LOH), leading to additional phenotypic changes such as altered drug resistance. Here, we examine the sexual and parasexual cycles that drive ploidy variation in human fungal pathogens and discuss ploidy and LOH events with respect to their far-reaching roles in fungal adaptation and pathogenesis.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85005916167&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a019604
DO - https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a019604
M3 - مقالة
SN - 2157-1422
VL - 4
JO - Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
JF - Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
IS - 10
ER -