TY - JOUR
T1 - Plants and Light Manipulation
T2 - The Integrated Mineral System in Okra Leaves
AU - Pierantoni, Maria
AU - Tenne, Ron
AU - Brumfeld, Vlad
AU - Kiss, Vladimir
AU - Oron, Dan
AU - Addadi, Lia
AU - Weiner, Stephen
N1 - The authors thank Mary Alice Webb for alerting to the interesting okra leaves, Priyadarshi Ranjan for absorption data collection, Arch. Giovanni Pierantoni, Dr. Netta Vidavsky, and Dr. Yulian Gavrilov for help with image preparation, Dr. Iddo Pinkas for help with Raman measurements, and Prof. Jonathan Gressel for helpful discussions. L.A. is the recipient of the Dorothy and Patrick Gorman Professorial Chair of Biological Ultrastructure, and S.W. of the Dr. Trude Burchardt Professorial Chair of Structural Biology. This work was supported by the Schmidt Minerva Center for Supramolecular Architecture and by the Crown center of Photonics.
PY - 2017/5/1
Y1 - 2017/5/1
N2 - Calcium oxalate and silica minerals are common components of a variety of plant leaves. These minerals are found at different locations within the leaf, and there is little conclusive evidence about the functions they perform. Here tools are used from the fields of biology, optics, and imaging to investigate the distributions of calcium oxalate, silica minerals, and chloroplasts in okra leaves, in relation to their functions. A correlative approach is developed to simultaneously visualize calcium oxalates, silica minerals, chloroplasts, and leaf soft tissue in 3D without affecting the minerals or the organic components. This method shows that in okra leaves silica and calcium oxalates, together with chloroplasts, form a complex system with a highly regulated relative distribution. This distribution points to a significant role of oxalate and silica minerals to synergistically optimize the light regime in the leaf. The authors also show directly that the light scattered by the calcium oxalate crystals is utilized for photosynthesis, and that the ultraviolet component of light passing through silica bodies, is absorbed. This study thus demonstrates that calcium oxalates increase the illumination level into the underlying tissue by scattering the incoming light, and silica reduces the amount of UV radiation entering the tissue.
AB - Calcium oxalate and silica minerals are common components of a variety of plant leaves. These minerals are found at different locations within the leaf, and there is little conclusive evidence about the functions they perform. Here tools are used from the fields of biology, optics, and imaging to investigate the distributions of calcium oxalate, silica minerals, and chloroplasts in okra leaves, in relation to their functions. A correlative approach is developed to simultaneously visualize calcium oxalates, silica minerals, chloroplasts, and leaf soft tissue in 3D without affecting the minerals or the organic components. This method shows that in okra leaves silica and calcium oxalates, together with chloroplasts, form a complex system with a highly regulated relative distribution. This distribution points to a significant role of oxalate and silica minerals to synergistically optimize the light regime in the leaf. The authors also show directly that the light scattered by the calcium oxalate crystals is utilized for photosynthesis, and that the ultraviolet component of light passing through silica bodies, is absorbed. This study thus demonstrates that calcium oxalates increase the illumination level into the underlying tissue by scattering the incoming light, and silica reduces the amount of UV radiation entering the tissue.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85013822267&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/advs.201600416
DO - 10.1002/advs.201600416
M3 - مقالة
SN - 2198-3844
VL - 4
JO - Advanced Science
JF - Advanced Science
IS - 5
M1 - 1600416
ER -