Parametric Analysis of the Residual Axial Load Capacity of Wide-Flange Steel Columns Subjected to Far-Field Detonations

This study employed a parametric numerical analysis to evaluate the residual axial capacity of wide-flange steel sections under combined static axial load and transverse far-field blast loading acting on its strong axis. These simulations entailed the variation of the Axial Load Ratios (ALRs) at levels ranging from 0–80% (of the capacity of the undamaged column) across various blast profiles. To validate the numerical methodology, it was benchmarked against two experimental cases, revealing a close alignment of displacement profiles. A similar procedure adopted for the validation was employed in 20 Finite Element (FE) simulations. Certain columns showed plastic deflections, retaining their structural integrity without failure when exposed to combined loading conditions, resulting in residual axial capacity. These values were utilized for computing the Damage Index (DI), representing the ratio of residual to maximum axial capacity, providing insight into the level of damage experienced by the columns. Graphical representations illustrating ALR and DI were presented, serving as valuable tools for informed decision-making regarding building occupancy. These findings can be instrumental in considering retrofitting options to preserve structural integrity, thereby averting the need for complete demolition, or rendering the building unusable.