@article{529e4fe82d7848c29c6ca463b571cc93,
title = "Parallel bacterial evolution within multiple patients identifies candidate pathogenicity genes",
abstract = "Bacterial pathogens evolve during the infection of their human host, but separating adaptive and neutral mutations remains challenging. Here we identify bacterial genes under adaptive evolution by tracking recurrent patterns of mutations in the same pathogenic strain during the infection of multiple individuals. We conducted a retrospective study of a Burkholderia dolosa outbreak among subjects with cystic fibrosis, sequencing the genomes of 112 isolates collected from 14 individuals over 16 years. We find that 17 bacterial genes acquired nonsynonymous mutations in multiple individuals, which indicates parallel adaptive evolution. Mutations in these genes affect important pathogenic phenotypes, including antibiotic resistance and bacterial membrane composition and implicate oxygen-dependent regulation as paramount in lung infections. Several genes have not previously been implicated in pathogenesis and may represent new therapeutic targets. The identification of parallel molecular evolution as a pathogen spreads among multiple individuals points to the key selection forces it experiences within human hosts.",
author = "Lieberman, \{Tami D.\} and Michel, \{Jean Baptiste\} and Mythili Aingaran and Gail Potter-Bynoe and Damien Roux and Davis, \{Michael R.\} and David Skurnik and Nicholas Leiby and Lipuma, \{John J.\} and Goldberg, \{Joanna B.\} and McAdam, \{Alexander J.\} and Priebe, \{Gregory P.\} and Roy Kishony",
note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to M. Caimano, M. Cendron, P. Kokorowski, S. Lory, C. Marx, N. Delany, S. Walker, M. Waldor and R. Ward for insightful discussions and comments, to O. Iartchouk, A. Brown, M. Light and their team at Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine (PCPGM) for Illumina sequencing, to J. Deane and L. Williams for technical assistance, to S. Vargas for assistance with IRB protocols and to M. Baym, M. Ernebjerg, A. Palmer, E. Toprak, K. Vetsigian, Z. Yao and all of the Kishony lab members for helpful discussions and general support. J.B.M. was supported by the Foundational Questions in Evolutionary Biology Prize Fellowship and the Systems Biology PhD Program (Harvard Medical School). G.P.P. was supported in part by The Mannion Fund for Research of the Center for the Critically Ill Child of Children{\textquoteright}s Hospital Boston. J.J.L. was supported by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. This work was supported in part by US National Institutes of Health grants (GM080177 to the Systems Biology Department, Harvard Medical School and GM081617 to R.K.), by a grant from the New England Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases (NERCE; AI057159 to R.K.) and by a Harvard Catalyst grant (to R.K., A.J.M. and M. Cendron).",
year = "2011",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1038/ng.997",
language = "الإنجليزيّة",
volume = "43",
pages = "1275--1280",
journal = "Nature Genetics",
issn = "1061-4036",
publisher = "Nature Research",
number = "12",
}
