Observer-Based Decentralized Predictor Control for Large-Scale Interconnected Systems with Large Delays

This article proposes a decentralized predictor-based output feedback to compensate for large delays in large-scale interconnected systems under the premise that the interconnections between subsystems are not strong. The full state of each subsystem is assumed to be unmeasurable and the observer-based output feedback is employed. Two methods are used to tackle the large delays: the backstepping-based partial differential equation (PDE) approach and the reduction-based ordinary differential equation (ODE) approach. The PDE method is used for continuous-time control and manages with larger delays, whereas the ODE method is applicable to sampled-data implementation under discrete-time measurement.