TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-objective optimization of water quality, pumps operation, and storage sizing of water distribution systems
AU - Kurek, Wojciech
AU - Ostfeld, Avi
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the EU COST ACTION IC0806 : Intelligent Monitoring, Control and Security of Critical Infrastructure Systems (IntelliCIS) and Polish MNiSW No. 638/N – COST/09/20/2010/0 : Intelligent systems for monitoring, control and security of critical infrastructure plants: methodology, structures, algorithms and applications to drinking water distribution networks – ( InSIK ). The authors wish to express their gratitude for this support.
PY - 2013/1
Y1 - 2013/1
N2 - A multi-objective methodology utilizing the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA2) linked to EPANET for trading-off pumping costs, water quality, and tanks sizing of water distribution systems is developed and demonstrated. The model integrates variable speed pumps for modeling the pumps operation, two water quality objectives (one based on chlorine disinfectant concentrations and one on water age), and tanks sizing cost which are assumed to vary with location and diameter. The water distribution system is subject to extended period simulations, variable energy tariffs, Kirchhoff's laws 1 and 2 for continuity of flow and pressure, tanks water level closure constraints, and storage-reliability requirements. EPANET Example 3 is employed for demonstrating the methodology on two multi-objective models, which differ in the imposed water quality objective (i.e., either with disinfectant or water age considerations). Three-fold Pareto optimal fronts are presented. Sensitivity analysis on the storage-reliability constraint, its influence on pumping cost, water quality, and tank sizing are explored. The contribution of this study is in tailoring design (tank sizing), pumps operational costs, water quality of two types, and reliability through residual storage requirements, in a single multi-objective framework. The model was found to be stable in generating multi-objective three-fold Pareto fronts, while producing explainable engineering outcomes. The model can be used as a decision tool for both pumps operation, water quality, required storage for reliability considerations, and tank sizing decision-making.
AB - A multi-objective methodology utilizing the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA2) linked to EPANET for trading-off pumping costs, water quality, and tanks sizing of water distribution systems is developed and demonstrated. The model integrates variable speed pumps for modeling the pumps operation, two water quality objectives (one based on chlorine disinfectant concentrations and one on water age), and tanks sizing cost which are assumed to vary with location and diameter. The water distribution system is subject to extended period simulations, variable energy tariffs, Kirchhoff's laws 1 and 2 for continuity of flow and pressure, tanks water level closure constraints, and storage-reliability requirements. EPANET Example 3 is employed for demonstrating the methodology on two multi-objective models, which differ in the imposed water quality objective (i.e., either with disinfectant or water age considerations). Three-fold Pareto optimal fronts are presented. Sensitivity analysis on the storage-reliability constraint, its influence on pumping cost, water quality, and tank sizing are explored. The contribution of this study is in tailoring design (tank sizing), pumps operational costs, water quality of two types, and reliability through residual storage requirements, in a single multi-objective framework. The model was found to be stable in generating multi-objective three-fold Pareto fronts, while producing explainable engineering outcomes. The model can be used as a decision tool for both pumps operation, water quality, required storage for reliability considerations, and tank sizing decision-making.
KW - Design
KW - Multi-objective
KW - Operation
KW - Optimization
KW - Sizing
KW - Storage
KW - Water distribution systems
KW - Water quality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871724963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.11.030
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.11.030
M3 - مقالة
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 115
SP - 189
EP - 197
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
ER -
