TY - GEN
T1 - Monetary-Incentive Competition Between Humans and Robots
T2 - 14th Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, HRI 2019
AU - Kshirsagar, Alap
AU - Dreyfuss, Bnaya
AU - Ishai, Guy
AU - Heffetz, Ori
AU - Hoffman, Guy
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2019 IEEE.
PY - 2019/3/22
Y1 - 2019/3/22
N2 - In a controlled experiment, participants (n=60) competed in a monotonous task with an autonomous robot for real monetary incentives. For each participant, we manipulated the robot's performance and the monetary incentive level across ten rounds. In each round, a participant's performance compared to the robot's would affect their odds in a lottery for the monetary prize. Standard economic theory predicts that people's effort will increase with prize value. Furthermore, recent work in behavioral economics predicts that there will also be a discouragement effect, with stronger robot performance discouraging human effort, and that this effect will increase with prize. We were not able to detect a meaningful effect of monetary prize, but we found a small discouragement effect, with human effort decreasing with increased robot performance, significant at the p < 0.005 level. Using per-round subjective indicators, we also found a positive effect of robot performance on its perceived competence, a negative effect on the participants' liking of the robot, and a negative effect on the participants' own competence, all at p < 0.0001. These findings shed light on how people may exert work effort and perceive robotic competitors in a human-robot workforce, and could have implications on labor supply decisions and the design of compensation schemes in the workplace.
AB - In a controlled experiment, participants (n=60) competed in a monotonous task with an autonomous robot for real monetary incentives. For each participant, we manipulated the robot's performance and the monetary incentive level across ten rounds. In each round, a participant's performance compared to the robot's would affect their odds in a lottery for the monetary prize. Standard economic theory predicts that people's effort will increase with prize value. Furthermore, recent work in behavioral economics predicts that there will also be a discouragement effect, with stronger robot performance discouraging human effort, and that this effect will increase with prize. We were not able to detect a meaningful effect of monetary prize, but we found a small discouragement effect, with human effort decreasing with increased robot performance, significant at the p < 0.005 level. Using per-round subjective indicators, we also found a positive effect of robot performance on its perceived competence, a negative effect on the participants' liking of the robot, and a negative effect on the participants' own competence, all at p < 0.0001. These findings shed light on how people may exert work effort and perceive robotic competitors in a human-robot workforce, and could have implications on labor supply decisions and the design of compensation schemes in the workplace.
KW - Human-Robot Competition
KW - Loss Aversion
KW - Perceived Competence
KW - Reference-Dependent Preferences
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064011519&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1109/HRI.2019.8673201
DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/HRI.2019.8673201
M3 - منشور من مؤتمر
T3 - ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
SP - 95
EP - 103
BT - HRI 2019 - 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
PB - IEEE Computer Society
Y2 - 11 March 2019 through 14 March 2019
ER -