@article{143466edf92b44afbee126ecfbbff728,
title = "Mechanism and medical implications of mammalian autophagy",
abstract = "Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process induced under various conditions of cellular stress, which prevents cell damage and promotes survival in the event of energy or nutrient shortage and responds to various cytotoxic insults. Thus, autophagy has primarily cytoprotective functions and needs to be tightly regulated to respond correctly to the different stimuli that cells experience, thereby conferring adaptation to the ever-changing environment. It is now apparent that autophagy is deregulated in the context of various human pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration, and its modulation has considerable potential as a therapeutic approach.",
author = "Ivan Dikic and Zvulun Elazar",
note = "The authors thank D. Hoeller and O. Shatz for their constructive discussions, comments and help with figures. The authors apologize to all scientists whose important contributions were not referenced in this review owing to space limitations. I.D. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-funded Collaborative Research Centre on Selective Autophagy (SFB 1177), the European Research Council (ERC) advanced grant (Agreement No. 742720), the LOEWE program Ubiquitin Networks (Ub-Net) and the LOEWE Center for Gene and Cell Therapy Frankfurt (CGT). Z.E. is supported in part by the Israeli Science Foundation (Grant 1247/15), the Legacy Heritage Fund (Grant 1935/16) and the Minerva foundation with funding from the Federal German Ministry for Education and Research. Both authors contributed equally to this work (researching data for the article, discussion of content, writing and editing).",
year = "2018",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1038/s41580-018-0003-4",
language = "الإنجليزيّة",
volume = "19",
pages = "349--364",
journal = "Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology",
issn = "1471-0072",
publisher = "Nature Research",
number = "6",
}