TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-distance trade in the Middle Chalcolithic of the southern Levant
T2 - The case of the olivine beads from Tel Tsaf, Jordan Valley, Israel
AU - Rosenberg, Danny
AU - Elkayam, Yael
AU - Garfinkel, Yossi
AU - Klimscha, Florian
AU - Vuckovic, Vesna
AU - Weiss, Yaakov
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Rosenberg et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Eight olivine beads found at the Middle Chalcolithic site of Tel Tsaf (ca. 5,200-4,700 cal. BC), Jordan Valley, Israel, underscore a new facet of interregional exchange for this period. The current paper presents the olivine beads assemblage, its morphometric and technological characteristics, and chemical composition. The results of the chemical analysis suggest that all eight beads derive from the same source. By means of comparison with the chemical characteristics of known olivine sources, we argue for a northeastern African-western Arabian provenience and cautiously suggest Ethiopia as a probable origin. Finally, we discuss the significance of the assemblage, its possible origin, and the mechanisms that may have brought the beads to the site.
AB - Eight olivine beads found at the Middle Chalcolithic site of Tel Tsaf (ca. 5,200-4,700 cal. BC), Jordan Valley, Israel, underscore a new facet of interregional exchange for this period. The current paper presents the olivine beads assemblage, its morphometric and technological characteristics, and chemical composition. The results of the chemical analysis suggest that all eight beads derive from the same source. By means of comparison with the chemical characteristics of known olivine sources, we argue for a northeastern African-western Arabian provenience and cautiously suggest Ethiopia as a probable origin. Finally, we discuss the significance of the assemblage, its possible origin, and the mechanisms that may have brought the beads to the site.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136339848&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271547
DO - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271547
M3 - Article
C2 - 35947578
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 17
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 8 August
M1 - e0271547
ER -