TY - JOUR
T1 - Increased number of volatile organic compounds over malignant glottic lesions
AU - Shoffel-Havakuk, Hagit
AU - Frumin, Idan
AU - Lahav, Yonatan
AU - Haviv, Lior
AU - Sobel, Noam
AU - Halperin, Doron
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.
PY - 2016/7/1
Y1 - 2016/7/1
N2 - Objectives/Hypothesis: Electronic noses can identify diseases, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by the fingerprint of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. However, whether these VOCs originated from the malignant lesion itself remains unclear. The objective was to test for the presence and properties of VOCs directly over the vocal folds in malignant and benign lesions, as a potential tool for noninvasive screening. Study Design: Prospective observational case control study. Methods: Samples of mucus directly covering vocal fold lesions were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry for detection of VOCs, and evaluation of the properties and quantity of VOCs in the samples. Additionally, samples of oropharyngeal mucus were analyzed to exclude VOCs found also in the vicinity of the lesion. Benign and malignant lesion groups were compared using a nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) test. Results: We studied 14 patients, six with SCC and eight with benign pathology. We found an increased number of discrete VOC types in patients with SCC both above the lesion (SCC = 4.333 ± 2.5, benign = 0.875 ± 0.6; Z=3, P <.001) and directly above the lesion with exclusion of its vicinity (SCC = 3.167 ± 1.9, benign = 0.5 ± 0.5; Z = 2.8, P <.003). VOCs detected in SCCs but not in benign samples included the straight-chain fatty acids: butyric acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, and heptanoic acid. Conclusions: Compared with benign vocal fold lesions, the environment of vocal folds in SCC is enriched with VOCs. These preliminary findings highlight a unique pattern that may contribute to the development of a future minimally invasive technology for screening vocal fold lesions for malignancy. Level of Evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 126:1606–1611, 2016.
AB - Objectives/Hypothesis: Electronic noses can identify diseases, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by the fingerprint of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. However, whether these VOCs originated from the malignant lesion itself remains unclear. The objective was to test for the presence and properties of VOCs directly over the vocal folds in malignant and benign lesions, as a potential tool for noninvasive screening. Study Design: Prospective observational case control study. Methods: Samples of mucus directly covering vocal fold lesions were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry for detection of VOCs, and evaluation of the properties and quantity of VOCs in the samples. Additionally, samples of oropharyngeal mucus were analyzed to exclude VOCs found also in the vicinity of the lesion. Benign and malignant lesion groups were compared using a nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) test. Results: We studied 14 patients, six with SCC and eight with benign pathology. We found an increased number of discrete VOC types in patients with SCC both above the lesion (SCC = 4.333 ± 2.5, benign = 0.875 ± 0.6; Z=3, P <.001) and directly above the lesion with exclusion of its vicinity (SCC = 3.167 ± 1.9, benign = 0.5 ± 0.5; Z = 2.8, P <.003). VOCs detected in SCCs but not in benign samples included the straight-chain fatty acids: butyric acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, and heptanoic acid. Conclusions: Compared with benign vocal fold lesions, the environment of vocal folds in SCC is enriched with VOCs. These preliminary findings highlight a unique pattern that may contribute to the development of a future minimally invasive technology for screening vocal fold lesions for malignancy. Level of Evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 126:1606–1611, 2016.
KW - Laryngeal carcinoma
KW - chromatography
KW - electronic nose
KW - glottis
KW - vocal folds
KW - volatile organic compounds
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84975266726&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.25733
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.25733
M3 - مقالة
C2 - 26490745
SN - 0023-852X
VL - 126
SP - 1606
EP - 1611
JO - Laryngoscope
JF - Laryngoscope
IS - 7
ER -