Incidence and Predictors for Recurrence of Ventricular Arrhythmia Presenting During Acute Myocarditis: A Multicenter Study

Moshe Rav-Acha, Kushal Shah, Tal Hasin, Ezra Gumuser, Oholi Tovia-Brodie, Ayelet Shauer, Yuval Konstantino, Eyal Yair, Arik Wolak, Eden Sinai, Tomer Ziv-Baran, Itzak Amsalem, Yoav Michowitz, Michael Glikson, Kevin Heist, Chee Yuan Ng, Esra Gumuser, Itshak Amsalem

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Management of acute myocarditis (AM) patients experiencing ventricular arrhythmia (VA) during acute illness is controversial, especially regarding early implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of and find predictors for long-term sustained VA recurrence and overall mortality among AM patients with VA. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective analysis of AM patients (verified by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or myocardial biopsy) with documented VA during the acute illness (“initial VA”). Patients with history of myocardial infarction, heart failure, or VA were excluded. The study endpoint was a composite of sustained VA and overall mortality during follow-up. Results: The study included 69 AM patients with initial VA: sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MMVT) (n = 25), sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (n = 13), and nonsustained VT (n = 31). Age was 44 ± 13 years, and 23 of 69 (33.3%) were women. During median follow-up of 5.5 years, 27 of 69 (39%) patients reached the composite endpoint including sustained VA (n = 24) and death (n = 11). Initial MMVT, predischarge left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%), and anteroseptal delayed enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were significantly associated with the composite endpoint. On multivariable analysis, initial MMVT (HR: 5.17; 95% CI: 1.81-14.6; P = 0.001) and predischarge LV dysfunction (HR: 4.57; 95% CI: 1.83-11.5; P = 0.005) were independently associated with the composite endpoint. Using these 2 predictors, we could delineate subgroups with low (∼4%), medium (∼42%), and high (∼82%) 10-year incidence of composite endpoint. Conclusions: AM patients presenting with VA have high incidence of sustained VA recurrence and mortality posthospitalization. Initial MMVT and predischarge LV dysfunction are independently associated with VA recurrence and mortality. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation may be considered in such high-risk patients.

Original languageAmerican English
Pages (from-to)1161-1174
Number of pages14
JournalJACC: Clinical Electrophysiology
Volume10
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2024

Keywords

  • arrhythmia
  • myocarditis
  • ventricular

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Physiology (medical)

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