High Fat Diets Composed of Palm Stearin and Olive Oil Equally Exacerbate Liver Inflammatory Damage and Metabolic Stress in Mice

Scope: People with fatty liver could be subject to acute infections such as sepsis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of high fat diets (HFD) of olive oil and palm stearin on liver inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Methods and results: C57BL/6J male mice were treated with high fat diets with different sources of oils: palm stearin and olive oil for 8 weeks followed by LPS injection. The proinflammatory effect of olive oil was also studied using gavage treatment and IP injection of LPS. Animals fed with HFDs showed an increase in body weight, elevated blood glucose levels, and fatty liver phenotype. HFDs aggravated the effect of LPS treatment to induce inflammatory response compared to low fat diet (LFD) effect. Following HFD supplementation, LPS induced hyperinsulinemia, more liver damage than in animals that consumed LFD. In addition, both gavage and long-term feeding with high lipids in the presence of LPS resulted in inhibition of gluconeogenic genes expression. Conclusion: HFDs of both monounsaturated and saturated fat potentiated liver inflammation induced by LPS treatment indicate that the total amount of fat consumed is the main proinflammatory factor rather than the type of fat.