Health promotion in the Israeli education system: a policy analysis through an intersectional lens

This study used a qualitative approach to examine health promotion policies in the Israeli education system, analysing 24 written policy documents (2011–2023) and conducting semi-structured interviews with senior policymakers. The analysis revealed that policy documents did not address health promotion in a multicultural society, and programme evaluations have not been conducted for over a decade. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge about policy implementation in schools serving minority or low-income students. Although the policy addresses minorities, practical responses for groups, such as immigrants and Israeli Palestinians in peripheral areas are inadequate. We also found significant involvement of external entities and third-sector organisations that implement these policies with limited oversight. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the policies emphasise urgency and place responsibility on schools for promoting healthy lifestyles, yet some health issues are omitted. Findings suggest potential health disparities between ethnic and socioeconomic groups, viewed through an intersectional lens.