TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic Addiction Risk Severity Assessment Identifies Polymorphic Reward Genes as Antecedents to Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) Hypodopaminergia’s Effect on Addictive and Non-Addictive Behaviors in a Nuclear Family
AU - Dennen, Catherine A.
AU - Blum, Kenneth
AU - Bowirrat, Abdalla
AU - Thanos, Panayotis K.
AU - Elman, Igor
AU - Ceccanti, Mauro
AU - Badgaiyan, Rajendra D.
AU - McLaughlin, Thomas
AU - Gupta, Ashim
AU - Bajaj, Anish
AU - Baron, David
AU - Downs, B. William
AU - Bagchi, Debasis
AU - Gold, Mark S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - This case series presents the novel genetic addiction risk score (GARS), which shows a high prevalence of polymorphic risk alleles of reward genes in a nuclear family with multiple reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) behavioral issues expressing a hypodopaminergic antecedent. The family consists of a mother, father, son, and daughter. The mother experienced issues with focus, memory, anger, and amotivational syndrome. The father experienced weight issues and depression. The son experienced heavy drinking, along with some drug abuse and anxiety. The daughter experienced depression, lethargy, brain fog, focus issues, and anxiety, among others. A major clinical outcome of the results presented to the family members helped reduce personal guilt and augment potential hope for future healing. Our laboratory’s prior research established that carriers of four or more alleles measured by GARS (DRD1-DRD4, DAT1, MOR, GABABR3, COMT, MAOAA, and 5HTLPR) are predictive of the addiction severity index (ASI) for drug abuse, and carriers of seven or more alleles are predictive of severe alcoholism. This generational case series shows the impact that genetic information has on reducing stigma and guilt in a nuclear family struggling with RDS behaviors. The futuristic plan is to introduce an appropriate DNA-guided “pro-dopamine regulator” into the recovery and enhancement of life.
AB - This case series presents the novel genetic addiction risk score (GARS), which shows a high prevalence of polymorphic risk alleles of reward genes in a nuclear family with multiple reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) behavioral issues expressing a hypodopaminergic antecedent. The family consists of a mother, father, son, and daughter. The mother experienced issues with focus, memory, anger, and amotivational syndrome. The father experienced weight issues and depression. The son experienced heavy drinking, along with some drug abuse and anxiety. The daughter experienced depression, lethargy, brain fog, focus issues, and anxiety, among others. A major clinical outcome of the results presented to the family members helped reduce personal guilt and augment potential hope for future healing. Our laboratory’s prior research established that carriers of four or more alleles measured by GARS (DRD1-DRD4, DAT1, MOR, GABABR3, COMT, MAOAA, and 5HTLPR) are predictive of the addiction severity index (ASI) for drug abuse, and carriers of seven or more alleles are predictive of severe alcoholism. This generational case series shows the impact that genetic information has on reducing stigma and guilt in a nuclear family struggling with RDS behaviors. The futuristic plan is to introduce an appropriate DNA-guided “pro-dopamine regulator” into the recovery and enhancement of life.
KW - genetic addiction risk severity (GARS)
KW - hypodopaminergia
KW - polymorphisms
KW - reward circuitry
KW - reward deficiency syndrome (RDS)
KW - single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149974583&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111864
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111864
M3 - مقالة
SN - 2075-4426
VL - 12
JO - Journal of Personalized Medicine
JF - Journal of Personalized Medicine
IS - 11
M1 - 1864
ER -