Encapsulating bioactive materials in sonochemically produced micro- and nano-spheres

By the early 90s, K. S. Suslick had developed a method using high-intensity ultrasound to make aqueous suspensions of proteinaceous microcapsules filled with water-insoluble liquids. This method was extended on the one hand to include (instead of proteins) starch, chitosan, DNA, RNA, PEG, and more. The second direction was the encapsulation of drugs, dyes, magnetic and other materials in various micro- and nanocapsules. The current paper will review the materials that were encapsulated in various spheres using high-intensity ultrasound. The amount encapsulated, its release from the sphere, bioactivity, and application aspects will be discussed.