Electron-Hybridization-Induced Enhancement of Photoactivity in Indium-Doped Co3O4

Koushik Majhi, Vijay Singh, Kevin James Rietwyk, David A. Keller, Hannah Noa Barad, Adam Ginsburg, Zhi Yan, Assaf Y. Anderson, Arie Zaban, Dan Thomas Major

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We investigate the significance of indium (In) doping of Co3O4 in the operation of TiO2|Co-In-O|RuO2 all-oxide solar cells by employing combinatorial experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We observed an increase in the open-circuit voltage, Voc, of more than 240 mV with an enhancement by a factor of 4 in the short-circuit current, Jsc, in the low-doping range. This constitutes a maximum power that is five times greater than that of pure Co3O4-based photovoltaic (PV) devices. Surprisingly, a concurrent marginal change in the band gap and a decrease in the optical absorption coefficient as a function of indium concentration was observed, contrary to what has been assumed previously. Using DFT in conjunction with joint density of states calculations, we show that with increasing amounts of In, there is a reduction in the low-energy photon absorption due to disallowed electronic transitions. Moreover, we show that emergence of In 5s states results in a free-electron-like band in the conduction band. We propose that this might reduce the rate of carrier recombination (reflected in higher open-circuit voltage) and enhance the electron diffusion lengths (reflected in higher short-circuit current), leading to improved PV activity. We expect that our results will advance the understanding and development of novel metal oxide semiconductors for low-cost PV applications. (Graph Presented).

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)28983-28991
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Physical chemistry c
Volume120
Issue number51
DOIs
StatePublished - 29 Dec 2016

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
  • General Energy
  • Surfaces, Coatings and Films
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

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