Deproteinized bovine bone in association with guided tissue regeneration or enamel matrix derivatives procedures in aggressive periodontitis patients: A 1-year retrospective study

Objectives To retrospectively evaluate and compare two regenerative periodontal procedures in young individuals with aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Methods Thirty-two patients aged 14-25 years (mean ± SD 19.3 ± 5.7) were diagnosed as having AgP with multiple intra-bony defects (IBDs) and treated by one of two regenerative modalities of periodontal therapy: guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using deproteinized bone xenograft (DBX) particles and a resorbable membrane (the GTR group), or an application of enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) combined with DBX (the EMD/DBX group). Periodic monitoring of treated sites included recording of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival recession. Pre-treatment and 1-year post-operative findings were statistically analysed within and between groups. Results The PD and CAL values decreased significantly with time, but not those between study groups. The mean pre-treatment and 1-year post-treatment PDs of the IBDs of the GTR group (n = 16; sites = 67) were 8.93 ± 1.14 mm and 3.58 ± 0.50 mm, respectively, and the mean CALs were 9.03 ± 1.03 mm and 4.16 ± 0.53 mm respectively. The mean PDs of the EMD/DBX group (n = 16; sites = 73) were 8.77 ± 1.04 mm and 3.61 ± 0.36 mm, respectively, and the mean CALS were 8.79 ± 1.04 mm and 3.77 ± 0.22 mm respectively (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion Surgical treatment of AgP patients by either GTR or by application of EMD/DBX yielded similarly successful clinical results at 1-year post-treatment.