TY - JOUR
T1 - Cyanophages from a less virulent clade dominate over their sister clade in global oceans
AU - Maidanik, Ilia
AU - Kirzner, Shay
AU - Pekarski, Irena
AU - Arsenieff, Laure
AU - Tahan, Ran
AU - Carlson, Michael C.G.
AU - Shitrit, Dror
AU - Baran, Nava
AU - Goldin, Svetlana
AU - Weitz, Joshua S.
AU - Lindell, Debbie
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/6/20
Y1 - 2022/6/20
N2 - Environmental virus communities are highly diverse. However, the infection physiology underlying the evolution of diverse phage lineages and their ecological consequences are largely unknown. T7-like cyanophages are abundant in nature and infect the marine unicellular cyanobacteria, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, important primary producers in the oceans. Viruses belonging to this genus are divided into two distinct phylogenetic clades: clade A and clade B. These viruses have narrow host-ranges with clade A phages primarily infecting Synechococcus genotypes, while clade B phages are more diverse and can infect either Synechococcus or Prochlorococcus genotypes. Here we investigated infection properties (life history traits) and environmental abundances of these two clades of T7-like cyanophages. We show that clade A cyanophages have more rapid infection dynamics, larger burst sizes and greater virulence than clade B cyanophages. However, clade B cyanophages were at least 10-fold more abundant in all seasons, and infected more cyanobacteria, than clade A cyanophages in the Red Sea. Models predicted that steady-state cyanophage abundances, infection frequency, and virus-induced mortality, peak at intermediate virulence values. Our findings indicate that differences in infection properties are reflected in virus phylogeny at the clade level. They further indicate that infection properties, together with differences in subclade diversity and host repertoire, have important ecological consequences with the less aggressive, more diverse virus clade having greater ecological impacts.
AB - Environmental virus communities are highly diverse. However, the infection physiology underlying the evolution of diverse phage lineages and their ecological consequences are largely unknown. T7-like cyanophages are abundant in nature and infect the marine unicellular cyanobacteria, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, important primary producers in the oceans. Viruses belonging to this genus are divided into two distinct phylogenetic clades: clade A and clade B. These viruses have narrow host-ranges with clade A phages primarily infecting Synechococcus genotypes, while clade B phages are more diverse and can infect either Synechococcus or Prochlorococcus genotypes. Here we investigated infection properties (life history traits) and environmental abundances of these two clades of T7-like cyanophages. We show that clade A cyanophages have more rapid infection dynamics, larger burst sizes and greater virulence than clade B cyanophages. However, clade B cyanophages were at least 10-fold more abundant in all seasons, and infected more cyanobacteria, than clade A cyanophages in the Red Sea. Models predicted that steady-state cyanophage abundances, infection frequency, and virus-induced mortality, peak at intermediate virulence values. Our findings indicate that differences in infection properties are reflected in virus phylogeny at the clade level. They further indicate that infection properties, together with differences in subclade diversity and host repertoire, have important ecological consequences with the less aggressive, more diverse virus clade having greater ecological impacts.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132149113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-022-01259-y
DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-022-01259-y
M3 - مقالة
SN - 1751-7362
VL - 16
SP - 2169
EP - 2180
JO - ISME Journal
JF - ISME Journal
IS - 9
ER -