TY - JOUR
T1 - Confinement of surface spinners in liquid metamaterials
AU - Gorce, Jean-Baptiste
AU - Xia, Hua
AU - Francois, Nicolas
AU - Punzmann, Horst
AU - Falkovich, Gregory
AU - Shats, Michael
N1 - This work was supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Projects and Linkage Projects funding schemes (DP160100863, DP190100406, and LP160100477). H.X. acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT140100067). N.F. acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Early Career Research Award (DE160100742). G.F. acknowledges support by the Minerva, Simons, Israeli, and Binational Science foundations. Author contributions: J.-B.G., H.X., N.F., H.P., and M.S. designed research; J.-B.G., H.P., G.F., and M.S. performed research; J.-B.G., H.X., N.F., and G.F. analyzed data; and J.-B.G., G.F., and M.S. wrote the paper.
PY - 2019/12/17
Y1 - 2019/12/17
N2 - We show that rotating particles at the liquid-gas interface can be efficiently manipulated using the surface-wave analogue of optical lattices. Two orthogonal standing waves generate surface flows of counter-rotating half-wavelength unit cells, the liquid interface metamaterial, whose geometry is controlled by the wave phase shift. Here we demonstrate that by placing active magnetic spinners inside such metamaterials, one makes a powerful tool which allows manipulation and self-assembly of spinners, turning them into vehicles capable of transporting matter and information between autonomous metamaterial unit cells. We discuss forces acting on a spinner carried by a nonuniform flow and show how the forces confine spinners to orbit inside the same-sign vortex cells of the wave-driven flow. Reversing the spin, we move the spinner into an adjacent cell. By changing the spinning frequency or the wave amplitude, one can precisely control the spinner orbit. Multiple spinners within a unit cell self-organize into stable patterns, e.g., triangles or squares, orbiting around the center of the cell. Spinners having different frequencies can also be confined, such that the higher-frequency spinner occupies the inner orbit and the lower-frequency one circles on the outer orbit, while the orbital motions of both spinners are synchronized.
AB - We show that rotating particles at the liquid-gas interface can be efficiently manipulated using the surface-wave analogue of optical lattices. Two orthogonal standing waves generate surface flows of counter-rotating half-wavelength unit cells, the liquid interface metamaterial, whose geometry is controlled by the wave phase shift. Here we demonstrate that by placing active magnetic spinners inside such metamaterials, one makes a powerful tool which allows manipulation and self-assembly of spinners, turning them into vehicles capable of transporting matter and information between autonomous metamaterial unit cells. We discuss forces acting on a spinner carried by a nonuniform flow and show how the forces confine spinners to orbit inside the same-sign vortex cells of the wave-driven flow. Reversing the spin, we move the spinner into an adjacent cell. By changing the spinning frequency or the wave amplitude, one can precisely control the spinner orbit. Multiple spinners within a unit cell self-organize into stable patterns, e.g., triangles or squares, orbiting around the center of the cell. Spinners having different frequencies can also be confined, such that the higher-frequency spinner occupies the inner orbit and the lower-frequency one circles on the outer orbit, while the orbital motions of both spinners are synchronized.
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912905116
DO - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912905116
M3 - مقالة
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 116
SP - 25424
EP - 25429
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 51
ER -