Colectomy Rates did not Decrease in Paediatric- and Adult-Onset Ulcerative Colitis During the Biologics Era: A Nationwide Study From the epi-IIRN

Ohad Atia, Esther Orlanski-Meyer, Rona Lujan, Natan Ledderman, Shira Greenfeld, Revital Kariv, Saleh Daher, Henit Yanai, Yiska Loewenberg Weisband, Hagit Gabay, Eran Matz, Daniel Nevo, Eran Zittan, Eran Israeli, Doron Schwartz, Yehuda Chowers, Iris Dotan, Dan Turner, Jacob Ollech

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: It is still of debate whether the advent of biologics has been associated with a change in the natural history of ulcerative colitis [UC]. In this nationwide study we evaluated trends of long-term outcomes in all patients diagnosed with UC in Israel during the biologic era. Methods: Data in the epi-IIRN cohort were retrieved from the four Israeli Health Maintenance Organizations covering 98% of the population, and linked to the Ministry of Health prospective registry on surgeries and hospitalizations. Joinpoint Regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used, reporting annual average percentage change [AAPC] for each outcome. Results: A total of 13 231 patients were diagnosed with UC since 2005 (1426 [11%] paediatric-onset, 10 310 [78%] adults, 1495 [11%] elderly) with 93 675 person-years of follow-up. The probabilities of surgery after 1, 3 and 5 years from diagnosis were 1.1, 2.3 and 4.1%, respectively, and the corresponding rates of hospitalizations were 22, 33 and 41%. The overall utilization of biologics in UC increased from 0.1% in 2005 to 9.6% in 2019 [AAPC 22.1%] and they were prescribed earlier during the disease course (median of 5.6 years [interquartile range 2.8-9.1] in 2005-2008 vs 0.8 years [0.4-1.5] in 2015-2018; p < 0.001]. Annual rates of surgeries [AAPC -1.3; p = 0.6] and steroid-dependency [AAPC -1.2; p = 0.3] remained unchanged, while rates of hospitalizations slightly decreased [AAPC -1.2; p < 0.001]. Outcomes were consistently worse in paediatric-onset disease than in adults, despite higher utilization of biologics [28% vs 12%, respectively; p < 0.001]. Conclusion: During the biologic era rates of surgeries and steroid-dependency have remained unchanged in patients with UC, while rates of hospitalizations have slightly decreased.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)796-803
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of Crohn's and Colitis
Volume16
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2022

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biological Products/therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Steroids
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • biologic treatment
  • colectomy

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Gastroenterology
  • General Medicine

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