BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2

Eva Kaufmann; Nargis Khan; Kim A. Tran; Antigona Ulndreaj; Erwan Pernet; Ghislaine Fontes; Andréanne Lupien; Patrice Desmeules; Fiona McIntosh; Amina Abow; Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag; Priya Debisarun; Karen Mossman; Arinjay Banerjee; Danielle Karo-Atar; Mina Sadeghi; Samira Mubareka; Donald C. Vinh; Irah L. King; Clinton S. Robbins; Marcel A. Behr; Mihai G. Netea; Philippe Joubert; Maziar Divangahi

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2

Eva Kaufmann, Nargis Khan, Kim A. Tran, Antigona Ulndreaj, Erwan Pernet, Ghislaine Fontes, Andréanne Lupien, Patrice Desmeules, Fiona McIntosh, Amina Abow, Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Priya Debisarun, Karen Mossman, Arinjay Banerjee, Danielle Karo-Atar, Mina Sadeghi, Samira Mubareka, Donald C. Vinh, Irah L. King, Clinton S. RobbinsMarcel A. Behr, Mihai G. Netea, Philippe Joubert, Maziar Divangahi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.

Original language	American English
Article number	110502
Journal	Cell Reports
Volume	38
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502
State	Published - 8 Mar 2022
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

BCG vaccination
SARS-CoV-2
animal models
hematopoietic stem cells
influenza virus
lung pathology
monocytes
trained immunity

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

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Kaufmann, E., Khan, N., Tran, K. A., Ulndreaj, A., Pernet, E., Fontes, G., Lupien, A., Desmeules, P., McIntosh, F., Abow, A., Moorlag, S. J. C. F. M., Debisarun, P., Mossman, K., Banerjee, A., Karo-Atar, D., Sadeghi, M., Mubareka, S., Vinh, D. C., King, I. L., ... Divangahi, M. (2022). BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2. Cell Reports, 38(10), Article 110502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

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title = "BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2",

abstract = "Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.",

keywords = "BCG vaccination, SARS-CoV-2, animal models, hematopoietic stem cells, influenza virus, lung pathology, monocytes, trained immunity",

author = "Eva Kaufmann and Nargis Khan and Tran, {Kim A.} and Antigona Ulndreaj and Erwan Pernet and Ghislaine Fontes and Andr{\'e}anne Lupien and Patrice Desmeules and Fiona McIntosh and Amina Abow and Moorlag, {Simone J.C.F.M.} and Priya Debisarun and Karen Mossman and Arinjay Banerjee and Danielle Karo-Atar and Mina Sadeghi and Samira Mubareka and Vinh, {Donald C.} and King, {Irah L.} and Robbins, {Clinton S.} and Behr, {Marcel A.} and Netea, {Mihai G.} and Philippe Joubert and Maziar Divangahi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502",

language = "American English",

volume = "38",

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Kaufmann, E, Khan, N, Tran, KA, Ulndreaj, A, Pernet, E, Fontes, G, Lupien, A, Desmeules, P, McIntosh, F, Abow, A, Moorlag, SJCFM, Debisarun, P, Mossman, K, Banerjee, A, Karo-Atar, D, Sadeghi, M, Mubareka, S, Vinh, DC, King, IL, Robbins, CS, Behr, MA, Netea, MG, Joubert, P & Divangahi, M 2022, 'BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2', Cell Reports, vol. 38, no. 10, 110502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

TY - JOUR

T1 - BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2

AU - Kaufmann, Eva

AU - Khan, Nargis

AU - Tran, Kim A.

AU - Ulndreaj, Antigona

AU - Pernet, Erwan

AU - Fontes, Ghislaine

AU - Lupien, Andréanne

AU - Desmeules, Patrice

AU - McIntosh, Fiona

AU - Abow, Amina

AU - Moorlag, Simone J.C.F.M.

AU - Debisarun, Priya

AU - Mossman, Karen

AU - Banerjee, Arinjay

AU - Karo-Atar, Danielle

AU - Sadeghi, Mina

AU - Mubareka, Samira

AU - Vinh, Donald C.

AU - King, Irah L.

AU - Robbins, Clinton S.

AU - Behr, Marcel A.

AU - Netea, Mihai G.

AU - Joubert, Philippe

AU - Divangahi, Maziar

PY - 2022/3/8

Y1 - 2022/3/8

N2 - Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.

AB - Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.

KW - BCG vaccination

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - animal models

KW - hematopoietic stem cells

KW - influenza virus

KW - lung pathology

KW - monocytes

KW - trained immunity

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U2 - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

DO - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502

M3 - Article

C2 - 35235831

SN - 2211-1247

VL - 38

JO - Cell Reports

JF - Cell Reports

IS - 10

M1 - 110502

ER -

BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Keywords

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

UN SDGs

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