BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc

Taiki Kawamuro; Claudio Ricci; Masatoshi Imanishi; Richard F. Mushotzky; Takuma Izumi; Federica Ricci; Franz E. Bauer; Michael J. Koss; Benny Trakhtenbrot; Kohei Ichikawa; Alejandra F. Rojas; Krista Lynne Smith; Taro Shimizu; Kyuseok Oh; Jakob S. den Brok; Shunsuke Baba; Mislav Baloković; Chin Shin Chang; Darshan Kakkad; Ryan W. Pfeifle; George C. Privon; Matthew J. Temple; Yoshihiro Ueda; Fiona Harrison; Meredith C. Powell; Daniel Stern; Meg Urry; David B. Sanders

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc

Taiki Kawamuro, Claudio Ricci, Masatoshi Imanishi, Richard F. Mushotzky, Takuma Izumi, Federica Ricci, Franz E. Bauer, Michael J. Koss, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Kohei Ichikawa, Alejandra F. Rojas, Krista Lynne Smith, Taro Shimizu, Kyuseok Oh, Jakob S. den Brok, Shunsuke Baba, Mislav Baloković, Chin Shin Chang, Darshan Kakkad, Ryan W. PfeifleGeorge C. Privon, Matthew J. Temple, Yoshihiro Ueda, Fiona Harrison, Meredith C. Powell, Daniel Stern, Meg Urry, David B. Sanders

School of Physics and Astronomy

Tel Aviv University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity { 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 }, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to N_H ∼ 10²⁶ cm⁻². While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.

Original language	English
Article number	87
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	938
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794
State	Published - 1 Oct 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

Cite this

Kawamuro, T., Ricci, C., Imanishi, M., Mushotzky, R. F., Izumi, T., Ricci, F., Bauer, F. E., Koss, M. J., Trakhtenbrot, B., Ichikawa, K., Rojas, A. F., Smith, K. L., Shimizu, T., Oh, K., den Brok, J. S., Baba, S., Baloković, M., Chang, C. S., Kakkad, D., ... Sanders, D. B. (2022). BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc. Astrophysical Journal, 938(1), Article 87. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

@article{dd081a79c1384ddf8436e39c19c4a75b,

title = "BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc",

abstract = "To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity \{ 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 \}, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to NH ∼ 1026 cm−2. While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.",

author = "Taiki Kawamuro and Claudio Ricci and Masatoshi Imanishi and Mushotzky, \{Richard F.\} and Takuma Izumi and Federica Ricci and Bauer, \{Franz E.\} and Koss, \{Michael J.\} and Benny Trakhtenbrot and Kohei Ichikawa and Rojas, \{Alejandra F.\} and Smith, \{Krista Lynne\} and Taro Shimizu and Kyuseok Oh and \{den Brok\}, \{Jakob S.\} and Shunsuke Baba and Mislav Balokovi{\'c} and Chang, \{Chin Shin\} and Darshan Kakkad and Pfeifle, \{Ryan W.\} and Privon, \{George C.\} and Temple, \{Matthew J.\} and Yoshihiro Ueda and Fiona Harrison and Powell, \{Meredith C.\} and Daniel Stern and Meg Urry and Sanders, \{David B.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794",

language = "الإنجليزيّة",

volume = "938",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

}

Kawamuro, T, Ricci, C, Imanishi, M, Mushotzky, RF, Izumi, T, Ricci, F, Bauer, FE, Koss, MJ, Trakhtenbrot, B, Ichikawa, K, Rojas, AF, Smith, KL, Shimizu, T, Oh, K, den Brok, JS, Baba, S, Baloković, M, Chang, CS, Kakkad, D, Pfeifle, RW, Privon, GC, Temple, MJ, Ueda, Y, Harrison, F, Powell, MC, Stern, D, Urry, M & Sanders, DB 2022, 'BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 938, no. 1, 87. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

TY - JOUR

T1 - BASS XXXII

T2 - Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc

AU - Kawamuro, Taiki

AU - Ricci, Claudio

AU - Imanishi, Masatoshi

AU - Mushotzky, Richard F.

AU - Izumi, Takuma

AU - Ricci, Federica

AU - Bauer, Franz E.

AU - Koss, Michael J.

AU - Trakhtenbrot, Benny

AU - Ichikawa, Kohei

AU - Rojas, Alejandra F.

AU - Smith, Krista Lynne

AU - Shimizu, Taro

AU - Oh, Kyuseok

AU - den Brok, Jakob S.

AU - Baba, Shunsuke

AU - Baloković, Mislav

AU - Chang, Chin Shin

AU - Kakkad, Darshan

AU - Pfeifle, Ryan W.

AU - Privon, George C.

AU - Temple, Matthew J.

AU - Ueda, Yoshihiro

AU - Harrison, Fiona

AU - Powell, Meredith C.

AU - Stern, Daniel

AU - Urry, Meg

AU - Sanders, David B.

PY - 2022/10/1

Y1 - 2022/10/1

N2 - To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity { 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 }, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to NH ∼ 1026 cm−2. While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.

AB - To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity { 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 }, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to NH ∼ 1026 cm−2. While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142164355&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794

M3 - مقالة

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 938

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 87

ER -

BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this