Appendix The Faunal Remains

The faunal assemblage from the refuse yielded 81 identified bone fragments (Table 1 for NISP and MNI) that included livestock animals as well as animals dying in the vicinity of the site such as cat and dog. The livestock assemblage included animals that were raised for meat, wool, and milk, as well as for labour and travel. This group is dominated by relatively equal proportions of cattle (Bos taurus), caprines (sheep [Ovis aries] and goat [Capra hircus]), in addition to donkey (Equus assinus), pig (Sus scrofa) and camel (Camelus dromedarius). The equid species was determined as donkey based on the observed patterns of enamel folds on the occlusal surfaces (Johnstone 2004: Table 4.1, Fig. 4.3). The pigs’ status (domesticated or wild) could not be determined due to the lack of measureable bones. The assemblage was supplemented by a nearly complete skeleton of cat (Felis silvestris), missing only the skull and the feet. Based on the completeness of all bones and lack of any signs of butchery, it is assumed that the cat’s skeleton was buried in articulation. Two dog (Canis sp.) bones were additionally recorded, as well as a mole rat (Rattus rattus) mandible but the latter could originate from a later intrusion as its context is not secure.