Ankle sprains in male Israeli infantry soldiers during training: Prevalence and risk factors

Nili Steinberg, Michal Shenhar, Gali Dar, Gordon Waddington, Jeremy Witchalls, Omer Paulman, Chuck Milgrom, Aharon Finestone

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Given the high incidence and heavy burden of ankle sprains in recruits, large-scale, multifactorial investigations into potential risk factors are warranted. This study aimed to identify the incidence of ankle sprains and associated risk factors among new military recruits during their infantry training. Methods: The study included 365 infantry recruits (aged 18-21 years), who were inducted into service in March 2022. These recruits were monitored for ankle sprains throughout their basicy and advanced infantry training by a physiotherapist. Preinduction smoking habits, physical fitness preparation and recurrent ankle sprains were recorded. Anthropometric measures, lower-extremity functional movement, Achilles tendon structure, perceived ankle instability, and mechanical ankle instability were assessed at the onset of both training periods. Results: Ankle sprains were diagnosed in 109 trainees (29.9%) during both the basic and the advanced training periods. Preinduction recurrent ankle sprains were reported by 28.2% of the participants. The relative risk of a recruit with preinduction ankle sprains suffering a subsequent sprain during training was 1.66 (p=0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that reduced proprioception ability (OR=0.002), higher body mass index (OR=1.08), preinduction recurrent sprains (OR=1.95) and lack of physical fitness preparation (OR=3.12) were related to ankle sprains throughout the complete basic-and-advanced training period. Preinduction recurrent ankle sprains (OR=3.37) and reduced Achilles tendon quality (OR=1.30) were associated with ankle sprains during the advanced training period. Conclusions: Lower-extremity functional movement, body mass index, preinduction recurrent sprains, physical preparation and reduced Achilles tendon quality were associated with the risk of ankle sprains during training. These findings could contribute to developing prevention and intervention programmes for reducing ankle sprains in military trainees.

Original languageAmerican English
Article numberip-2023-045126
JournalInjury Prevention
Early online date27 Sep 2024
DOIs
StatePublished Online - 27 Sep 2024

Keywords

  • Military
  • Occupational injury
  • Risk Factor Research
  • Screening

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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