TY - GEN
T1 - An ETH-Tight Algorithm for Bidirected Steiner Connectivity
AU - Lokshtanov, Daniel
AU - Misra, Pranabendu
AU - Panolan, Fahad
AU - Saurabh, Saket
AU - Zehavi, Meirav
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - In the Strongly Connected Steiner Subgraph problem, we are given an n-vertex digraph D, a weight function w: A(D) ↦ R+ on the arc set of D, and a set of k terminals Q⊆ V(D), and our objective is to find a strongly connected subgraph of D containing Q with minimum total weight. The problem is known to be W[1]-hard on general digraphs. However on bi-directed graphs (digraphs where, if uv is an arc then so is vu) with symmetric weight function w: A(D) ↦ R+ (i.e., w(uv) = w(vu) for any uv∈ A(D) ), Chitnis, Feldmann and Manurangsi [TALG 2021] showed that the problem is fixed parameter tractable (FPT) with running time 2O(k2)nO(1), where n is the input length. They also show that, unless the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails, there is no algorithm for the problem on bi-directed graphs with running time 2 o ( k )nO ( 1 ). They left the existence of a single-exponential in k time algorithm as an open problem. We resolve this question, by designing an algorithm for the problem running in time 2 O ( k )nO ( 1 ) that is asymptotically tight under ETH, thereby closing the gap between the upper and lower-bounds for this problem. Chitnis, Feldmann and Manurangsi [TALG 2021] showed that an optimum solution to this problem can always be described by a collection of trees, that are mapped to the input graph via homomorphisms, and glued together at the terminal vertices. This structural result allows us to design an algorithm via the combination of a Dreyfus-Wagner style dynamic programming algorithm and the notion of representative sets over linear matroids.
AB - In the Strongly Connected Steiner Subgraph problem, we are given an n-vertex digraph D, a weight function w: A(D) ↦ R+ on the arc set of D, and a set of k terminals Q⊆ V(D), and our objective is to find a strongly connected subgraph of D containing Q with minimum total weight. The problem is known to be W[1]-hard on general digraphs. However on bi-directed graphs (digraphs where, if uv is an arc then so is vu) with symmetric weight function w: A(D) ↦ R+ (i.e., w(uv) = w(vu) for any uv∈ A(D) ), Chitnis, Feldmann and Manurangsi [TALG 2021] showed that the problem is fixed parameter tractable (FPT) with running time 2O(k2)nO(1), where n is the input length. They also show that, unless the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails, there is no algorithm for the problem on bi-directed graphs with running time 2 o ( k )nO ( 1 ). They left the existence of a single-exponential in k time algorithm as an open problem. We resolve this question, by designing an algorithm for the problem running in time 2 O ( k )nO ( 1 ) that is asymptotically tight under ETH, thereby closing the gap between the upper and lower-bounds for this problem. Chitnis, Feldmann and Manurangsi [TALG 2021] showed that an optimum solution to this problem can always be described by a collection of trees, that are mapped to the input graph via homomorphisms, and glued together at the terminal vertices. This structural result allows us to design an algorithm via the combination of a Dreyfus-Wagner style dynamic programming algorithm and the notion of representative sets over linear matroids.
KW - FPT
KW - Graph Connectivity
KW - Matroids
KW - Representative Family
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85172731499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38906-1_39
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38906-1_39
M3 - Conference contribution
SN - 9783031389054
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 588
EP - 604
BT - Algorithms and Data Structures - 18th International Symposium, WADS 2023, Proceedings
A2 - Morin, Pat
A2 - Suri, Subhash
PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
T2 - 18th International Symposium on Algorithms and Data Structures, WADS 2023
Y2 - 31 July 2023 through 2 August 2023
ER -