@article{0861c1d95c0a49ddb0465a56804c0be9,
title = "An early and comprehensive millimetre and centimetre wave and X-ray study of SN 2011dh: A non-equipartition blast wave expanding into a massive stellar wind",
abstract = "Only a handful of supernovae (SNe) have been studied in multiwavelengths from the radio to X-rays, starting a few days after the explosion. The early detection and classification of the nearby Type IIb SN 2011dh/PTF 11eon in M51 provides a unique opportunity to conduct such observations. We present detailed data obtained at one of the youngest phase ever of a core-collapse SN (days 3-12 after the explosion) in the radio, millimetre and X-rays; when combined with optical data, this allows us to explore the early evolution of the SN blast wave and its surroundings. Our analysis shows that the expanding SN shock wave does not exhibit equipartition (εe/εB \textasciitilde{} 1000), and is expanding into circumstellar material that is consistent with a density profile falling like R-2. Within modelling uncertainties we find an average velocity of the fast parts of the ejecta of 15 000 ± 1800 km s-1, contrary to previous analysis. This velocity places SN 2011dh in an intermediate blast wave regime between the previously defined compact and extended SN Type IIb subtypes. Our results highlight the importance of early (\textasciitilde{}1 d) high-frequency observations of future events. Moreover, we show the importance of combined radio/X-ray observations for determining the microphysics ratio εe/εB.",
keywords = "Radio continuum:General - X-rays:General, Supernovae:General, supernovae:Individual:SN 2011dh",
author = "Assaf Horesh and Christopher Stockdale and Fox, \{Derek B.\} and Frail, \{Dale A.\} and John Carpenter and Kulkarni, \{S. R.\} and Ofek, \{Eran O.\} and Avishay Gal-Yam and Kasliwal, \{Mansi M.\} and Iair Arcavi and Robert Quimby and Cenko, \{S. Bradley\} and Nugent, \{Peter E.\} and Bloom, \{Joshua S.\} and Law, \{Nicholas M.\} and Dovi Poznanski and Evgeny Gorbikov and David Polishook and Ofer Yaron and Stuart Ryder and Weiler, \{Kurt W.\} and Franz Bauer and \{Van Dyk\}, \{Schuyler D.\} and Stefan Immler and Nino Panagia and Dave Pooley and Namir Kassim",
note = "National Science Foundation; CARMA partner universities; NSF [AST-0908886, AST-1211916]; NASA; Israeli Science Foundation; BSF; NASA Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium; CONICYT, Chile [FONDECYT 1101024, FONDAPCATA 15010003]; Programa de Financiamiento Basal; Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio through the Millennium Center for Supernova Science [P10-064-F]; Chandra X-ray Center [SAO GO9-0086D, GO0-11095A]; Hubble Fellowship; Carnegie-Princeton Fellowship; STScI-DDRF; Office of Naval Research; Gary \& Cynthia Bengier; Richard \& Rhoda Goldman Fund; Sylvia \& Jim Katzman Foundation; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; TABASGO FoundationWe thank the EVLA and CARMA staff for promptly scheduling this target of opportunity. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. This work made use of data supplied by the UK SSDC. PTF is a fully automated, wide-field survey aimed at a systematic exploration of explosions and variable phenomena in optical wavelengths. The participating institutions are Caltech, Columbia University, Weizmann Institute of Science, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Oxford and University of California at Berkeley. The programme is centred on a 12K x 8K, 7.8 deg<SUP>2</SUP> CCD array (CFH12K) re-engineered for the 1.2-m Oschin Telescope at the Palomar Observatory by Caltech Optical Observatories. Photometric follow-up is undertaken by the automated Palomar 1.5-m teles",
year = "2013",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1093/mnras/stt1645",
language = "الإنجليزيّة",
volume = "436",
pages = "1258--1267",
journal = "MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "2",
}