ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8

Seiji Fujimoto; Kotaro Kohno; Masami Ouchi; Masamune Oguri; Vasily Kokorev; Gabriel Brammer; Fengwu Sun; Jorge González-López; Franz E. Bauer; Gabriel B. Caminha; Bunyo Hatsukade; Johan Richard; Ian Smail; Akiyoshi Tsujita; Yoshihiro Ueda; Ryosuke Uematsu; Adi Zitrin; Dan Coe; Jean Paul Kneib; Marc Postman; Keiichi Umetsu; Claudia del P. Lagos; Gergö Popping; Yiping Ao; Larry Bradley; Karina Caputi; Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky; Eiichi Egami; Daniel Espada; R. J. Ivison; Mathilde Jauzac; Kirsten K. Knudsen; Anton M. Koekemoer; Georgios E. Magdis; Guillaume Mahler; A. M. Muñoz Arancibia; Timothy Rawle; Kazuhiro Shimasaku; Sune Toft; Hideki Umehata; Francesco Valentino; Tao Wang; Wei Hao Wang

doi:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8

Seiji Fujimoto, Kotaro Kohno, Masami Ouchi, Masamune Oguri, Vasily Kokorev, Gabriel Brammer, Fengwu Sun, Jorge González-López, Franz E. Bauer, Gabriel B. Caminha, Bunyo Hatsukade, Johan Richard, Ian Smail, Akiyoshi Tsujita, Yoshihiro Ueda, Ryosuke Uematsu, Adi Zitrin, Dan Coe, Jean Paul Kneib, Marc PostmanKeiichi Umetsu, Claudia del P. Lagos, Gergö Popping, Yiping Ao, Larry Bradley, Karina Caputi, Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky, Eiichi Egami, Daniel Espada, R. J. Ivison, Mathilde Jauzac, Kirsten K. Knudsen, Anton M. Koekemoer, Georgios E. Magdis, Guillaume Mahler, A. M. Muñoz Arancibia, Timothy Rawle, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Sune Toft, Hideki Umehata, Francesco Valentino, Tao Wang, Wei Hao Wang

Department of Physics

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) over a total of 133 arcmin² area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. ALCS enables us to detect extremely faint millimeter sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (NIR) dark objects showing no counterparts in existing Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer images. The dust continuum sources belong to a blind sample (N = 141) with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≳ 5.0 (a purity of >0.99) or a secondary sample (N = 39) with S/N = 4.0-5.0 screened by priors. With the blind sample, we securely derive 1.2 mm number counts down to ∼7 μJy, and find that the total integrated 1.2 mm flux is 20.7 − 6.5 + 8.5 Jy deg⁻², resolving ≃80% of the cosmic infrared background light. The resolved fraction varies by a factor of 0.6-1.1 due to the completeness correction depending on the spatial size of the millimeter emission. We also derive infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 0.6-7.5 with the 1 / V max method, finding the redshift evolution of IR LFs characterized by positive luminosity and negative density evolution. The total (= UV + IR) cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at z > 4 is estimated to be 161 − 21 + 25 % of the Madau and Dickinson measurements mostly based on rest-frame UV surveys. Although our general understanding of the cosmic SFRD is unlikely to change beyond a factor of 2, these results add to the weight of evidence for an additional (≈60%) SFRD component contributed by the faint millimeter population, including NIR-dark objects.

Original language	American English
Article number	36
Journal	Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume	275
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2
State	Published - 1 Dec 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

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Fujimoto, S., Kohno, K., Ouchi, M., Oguri, M., Kokorev, V., Brammer, G., Sun, F., González-López, J., Bauer, F. E., Caminha, G. B., Hatsukade, B., Richard, J., Smail, I., Tsujita, A., Ueda, Y., Uematsu, R., Zitrin, A., Coe, D., Kneib, J. P., ... Wang, W. H. (2024). ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8. Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, 275(2), Article 36. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

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title = "ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8",

abstract = "We present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) over a total of 133 arcmin2 area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. ALCS enables us to detect extremely faint millimeter sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (NIR) dark objects showing no counterparts in existing Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer images. The dust continuum sources belong to a blind sample (N = 141) with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≳ 5.0 (a purity of >0.99) or a secondary sample (N = 39) with S/N = 4.0-5.0 screened by priors. With the blind sample, we securely derive 1.2 mm number counts down to ∼7 μJy, and find that the total integrated 1.2 mm flux is 20.7 − 6.5 + 8.5 Jy deg−2, resolving ≃80% of the cosmic infrared background light. The resolved fraction varies by a factor of 0.6-1.1 due to the completeness correction depending on the spatial size of the millimeter emission. We also derive infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 0.6-7.5 with the 1 / V max method, finding the redshift evolution of IR LFs characterized by positive luminosity and negative density evolution. The total (= UV + IR) cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at z > 4 is estimated to be 161 − 21 + 25 % of the Madau and Dickinson measurements mostly based on rest-frame UV surveys. Although our general understanding of the cosmic SFRD is unlikely to change beyond a factor of 2, these results add to the weight of evidence for an additional (≈60%) SFRD component contributed by the faint millimeter population, including NIR-dark objects.",

author = "Seiji Fujimoto and Kotaro Kohno and Masami Ouchi and Masamune Oguri and Vasily Kokorev and Gabriel Brammer and Fengwu Sun and Jorge Gonz{\'a}lez-L{\'o}pez and Bauer, {Franz E.} and Caminha, {Gabriel B.} and Bunyo Hatsukade and Johan Richard and Ian Smail and Akiyoshi Tsujita and Yoshihiro Ueda and Ryosuke Uematsu and Adi Zitrin and Dan Coe and Kneib, {Jean Paul} and Marc Postman and Keiichi Umetsu and Lagos, {Claudia del P.} and Gerg{\"o} Popping and Yiping Ao and Larry Bradley and Karina Caputi and Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky and Eiichi Egami and Daniel Espada and Ivison, {R. J.} and Mathilde Jauzac and Knudsen, {Kirsten K.} and Koekemoer, {Anton M.} and Magdis, {Georgios E.} and Guillaume Mahler and {Mu{\~n}oz Arancibia}, {A. M.} and Timothy Rawle and Kazuhiro Shimasaku and Sune Toft and Hideki Umehata and Francesco Valentino and Tao Wang and Wang, {Wei Hao}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2",

language = "American English",

volume = "275",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Fujimoto, S, Kohno, K, Ouchi, M, Oguri, M, Kokorev, V, Brammer, G, Sun, F, González-López, J, Bauer, FE, Caminha, GB, Hatsukade, B, Richard, J, Smail, I, Tsujita, A, Ueda, Y, Uematsu, R, Zitrin, A, Coe, D, Kneib, JP, Postman, M, Umetsu, K, Lagos, CDP, Popping, G, Ao, Y, Bradley, L, Caputi, K, Dessauges-Zavadsky, M, Egami, E, Espada, D, Ivison, RJ, Jauzac, M, Knudsen, KK, Koekemoer, AM, Magdis, GE, Mahler, G, Muñoz Arancibia, AM, Rawle, T, Shimasaku, K, Toft, S, Umehata, H, Valentino, F, Wang, T & Wang, WH 2024, 'ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8', Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, vol. 275, no. 2, 36. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

TY - JOUR

T1 - ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey

T2 - Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8

AU - Fujimoto, Seiji

AU - Kohno, Kotaro

AU - Ouchi, Masami

AU - Oguri, Masamune

AU - Kokorev, Vasily

AU - Brammer, Gabriel

AU - Sun, Fengwu

AU - González-López, Jorge

AU - Bauer, Franz E.

AU - Caminha, Gabriel B.

AU - Hatsukade, Bunyo

AU - Richard, Johan

AU - Smail, Ian

AU - Tsujita, Akiyoshi

AU - Ueda, Yoshihiro

AU - Uematsu, Ryosuke

AU - Zitrin, Adi

AU - Coe, Dan

AU - Kneib, Jean Paul

AU - Postman, Marc

AU - Umetsu, Keiichi

AU - Lagos, Claudia del P.

AU - Popping, Gergö

AU - Ao, Yiping

AU - Bradley, Larry

AU - Caputi, Karina

AU - Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava

AU - Egami, Eiichi

AU - Espada, Daniel

AU - Ivison, R. J.

AU - Jauzac, Mathilde

AU - Knudsen, Kirsten K.

AU - Koekemoer, Anton M.

AU - Magdis, Georgios E.

AU - Mahler, Guillaume

AU - Muñoz Arancibia, A. M.

AU - Rawle, Timothy

AU - Shimasaku, Kazuhiro

AU - Toft, Sune

AU - Umehata, Hideki

AU - Valentino, Francesco

AU - Wang, Tao

AU - Wang, Wei Hao

PY - 2024/12/1

Y1 - 2024/12/1

N2 - We present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) over a total of 133 arcmin2 area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. ALCS enables us to detect extremely faint millimeter sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (NIR) dark objects showing no counterparts in existing Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer images. The dust continuum sources belong to a blind sample (N = 141) with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≳ 5.0 (a purity of >0.99) or a secondary sample (N = 39) with S/N = 4.0-5.0 screened by priors. With the blind sample, we securely derive 1.2 mm number counts down to ∼7 μJy, and find that the total integrated 1.2 mm flux is 20.7 − 6.5 + 8.5 Jy deg−2, resolving ≃80% of the cosmic infrared background light. The resolved fraction varies by a factor of 0.6-1.1 due to the completeness correction depending on the spatial size of the millimeter emission. We also derive infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 0.6-7.5 with the 1 / V max method, finding the redshift evolution of IR LFs characterized by positive luminosity and negative density evolution. The total (= UV + IR) cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at z > 4 is estimated to be 161 − 21 + 25 % of the Madau and Dickinson measurements mostly based on rest-frame UV surveys. Although our general understanding of the cosmic SFRD is unlikely to change beyond a factor of 2, these results add to the weight of evidence for an additional (≈60%) SFRD component contributed by the faint millimeter population, including NIR-dark objects.

AB - We present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) over a total of 133 arcmin2 area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. ALCS enables us to detect extremely faint millimeter sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (NIR) dark objects showing no counterparts in existing Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer images. The dust continuum sources belong to a blind sample (N = 141) with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≳ 5.0 (a purity of >0.99) or a secondary sample (N = 39) with S/N = 4.0-5.0 screened by priors. With the blind sample, we securely derive 1.2 mm number counts down to ∼7 μJy, and find that the total integrated 1.2 mm flux is 20.7 − 6.5 + 8.5 Jy deg−2, resolving ≃80% of the cosmic infrared background light. The resolved fraction varies by a factor of 0.6-1.1 due to the completeness correction depending on the spatial size of the millimeter emission. We also derive infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 0.6-7.5 with the 1 / V max method, finding the redshift evolution of IR LFs characterized by positive luminosity and negative density evolution. The total (= UV + IR) cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at z > 4 is estimated to be 161 − 21 + 25 % of the Madau and Dickinson measurements mostly based on rest-frame UV surveys. Although our general understanding of the cosmic SFRD is unlikely to change beyond a factor of 2, these results add to the weight of evidence for an additional (≈60%) SFRD component contributed by the faint millimeter population, including NIR-dark objects.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213328023&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

DO - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2

M3 - Article

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 275

JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

IS - 2

M1 - 36

ER -

ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8

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