Adolescent Blood Pressure and the Risk for Early Kidney Damage in Young Adulthood

Avishai M. Tsur, Inbal Akavian, Estela Derazne, Dorit Tzur, Asaf Vivante, Ehud Grossman, Ran S. Rotem, Boris Fishman, Arnon Afek, Josef Coresh, Gabriel Chodick, Gilad Twig

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent guidelines classified blood pressure above 130/80 mmHg as hypertension. However, outcome data were lacking. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between blood pressure in adolescence and the risk for early kidney damage in young adulthood. METHODS: In this nationwide cohort study, we included 629168 adolescents aged 16 to 20 who underwent medical examinations before mandatory military service in Israel. We excluded 30466 adolescents with kidney pathology, hypertension, or missing blood pressure or anthropometric data at study entry. Blood pressure measurements at study entry were categorized according to the Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: group A (<120/<80 mmHg; Reference group), group B (120/<80–129/<80 mmHg), group C (130/80–139/89 mmHg), and group D (≥140/90 mmHg). Early kidney damage in young adulthood was defined as albuminuria of ≥30 mg/g with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 60 mL/(min·1.73 m2) or over. RESULTS: Of 598702 adolescents (54% men), 2004 (0.3%) developed early kidney damage during a mean follow-up of 15.1 (7.2) years. The adjusted hazard ratios for early kidney damage in blood pressure group C were 1.17 (1.03–1.32) and 1.51 (1.22–1.86) among adolescents with lean (body mass index <85th percentile) and high body mass index (body mass index ≥85th percentile), respectively. Corresponding hazard ratios for kidney disease in group D were 1.49 (1.15–1.93) and 1.79 (1.35–2.38) among adolescents with lean and high body mass index, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure of ≥130/80 mmHg was associated with early kidney damage in young adulthood, especially in adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)974-983
Number of pages10
JournalHypertension
Volume79
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2022

Keywords

  • adolescent
  • blood pressure
  • kidney disease
  • obesity
  • proteinuria

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Internal Medicine

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