TY - JOUR
T1 - 9/11-related PTSD among highly exposed populations
T2 - A systematic review 15 years after the attack
AU - Lowell, A.
AU - Suarez-Jimenez, B.
AU - Helpman, L.
AU - Zhu, X.
AU - Durosky, A.
AU - Hilburn, A.
AU - Schneier, F.
AU - Gross, R.
AU - Neria, Y.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017.
PY - 2018/3/1
Y1 - 2018/3/1
N2 - Background The 11 September 2001 (9/11) attacks were unprecedented in magnitude and mental health impact. While a large body of research has emerged since the attacks, published reviews are few, and are limited by an emphasis on cross-sectional research, short time frame, and exclusion of treatment studies. Additionally, to date, there has been no systematic review of available longitudinal information as a unique data set. Consequently, knowledge regarding long-term trajectories of 9/11-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among highly exposed populations, and whether available treatment approaches effectively address PTSD within the context of mass, man-made disaster, remains limited. Methods The present review aimed to address these gaps using a systematic review of peer-reviewed reports from October 2001 to May 2016. Eligible reports were of longitudinal studies of PTSD among highly exposed populations. We identified 20 reports of 9/11-related PTSD, including 13 longitudinal prevalence studies and seven treatment studies. Results Findings suggest a substantial burden of 9/11-related PTSD among those highly exposed to the attack, associated with a range of sociodemographic and back-ground factors, and characteristics of peri-event exposure. While most longitudinal studies show declining rates of prevalence of PTSD, studies of rescue/recovery workers have documented an increase over time. Treatment studies were few, and generally limited by methodological shortcomings, but support exposure-based therapies. Conclusion Future directions for research, treatment, and healthcare policy are discussed.
AB - Background The 11 September 2001 (9/11) attacks were unprecedented in magnitude and mental health impact. While a large body of research has emerged since the attacks, published reviews are few, and are limited by an emphasis on cross-sectional research, short time frame, and exclusion of treatment studies. Additionally, to date, there has been no systematic review of available longitudinal information as a unique data set. Consequently, knowledge regarding long-term trajectories of 9/11-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among highly exposed populations, and whether available treatment approaches effectively address PTSD within the context of mass, man-made disaster, remains limited. Methods The present review aimed to address these gaps using a systematic review of peer-reviewed reports from October 2001 to May 2016. Eligible reports were of longitudinal studies of PTSD among highly exposed populations. We identified 20 reports of 9/11-related PTSD, including 13 longitudinal prevalence studies and seven treatment studies. Results Findings suggest a substantial burden of 9/11-related PTSD among those highly exposed to the attack, associated with a range of sociodemographic and back-ground factors, and characteristics of peri-event exposure. While most longitudinal studies show declining rates of prevalence of PTSD, studies of rescue/recovery workers have documented an increase over time. Treatment studies were few, and generally limited by methodological shortcomings, but support exposure-based therapies. Conclusion Future directions for research, treatment, and healthcare policy are discussed.
KW - 9/11
KW - post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
KW - trauma exposure severity
KW - treatment of PTSD
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053782967&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002033
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002033
M3 - مقالة
C2 - 28805168
SN - 0033-2917
VL - 48
SP - 537
EP - 553
JO - Psychological Medicine
JF - Psychological Medicine
IS - 4
ER -